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Ekoschematy jako nowe narzędzie wsparcia rolnictwa - stan realizacji w Polsce
The article outlines the changes to the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy for 2023-2027 with a particular focus on a new type of direct payment, i.e. ecoschemes. The aim of the article is also to present the interest of farmers in this tool for obtaining funds in the initial period of its operation, i.e. in the first half of 2023. The level and spatial differentiation of interest of Polish farmers in this new type of direct payments was analyzed. It was indicated that the number of applications submitted is influenced by the production specialization of individual provinces. The results of the study further confirm that carbon farming is the most popular of the five types of ecoschemes, with practices such as mixing straw into the soil (61.2%), using winter intercrops/intercrops (35.0%) and mixing manure on arable land within 12 hours of application (23.8%). This state of affairs was influenced by the previous experience of farmers related to the improvement of soil structure.
Postawy młodych konsumentów mięsa wieprzowego w zakresie procesów jego produkcji oraz właściwości zdrowotnych
For years, pork has been one of the most popular types of meat consumed in Poland, due in part to the long tradition of pig farming and pork processing. The aim of the study was to identify and describe the attitudes of young adults from Generation Z towards pork consumption. The study addressed the following questions: What type of meat consumers are young adults from Generation Z? What factors guide their purchasing decisions regarding pork? Which elements of meat-related advertising messages, consistent with the principles of communication ethics, attract their attention the most? Given the specific characteristics of this generation (as “trying consumers”), identified through a literature review and a questionnaire survey, particular emphasis was placed on the structure of advertising messages about meat. Attention was also directed toward messages free from so-called greenwashing, i.e., pseudo-ecological marketing, by conducting a visual analysis of labels provided by meat producers operating within antibiotic-free farming systems. The findings confirmed the pro-ecological orientation of Generation Z young adults. The study showed that they focus not only on the appearance of the product, but above all on the advertising slogan “from antibiotic-free, GMO-free farming”, which highlights the importance of ecological messaging as a key element that captures their attention.
Diagnoza realizacji społecznej odpowiedzialności uczelni - wyniki badań ilościowych. 2.1. Metodyka badań
Postrzeganie problemów ochrony środowiska na poziomie lokalnym – studium przypadku kobiet wiejskich
W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań o charakterze pilotażowym dotyczące postaw kobiet wobec stanu oraz ochrony środowiska naturalnego w ujęciu lokalnym. Uwagę skoncentrowano na specyficznej grupie respondentów, tj. na kobietach podejmujących aktywne działania na rzecz rozwoju społeczno-ekonomicznego w swoim miejscu zamieszkania. Celem głównym badań była ocena stanu ochrony środowiska na poziomie lokalnym, świadomości kobiet w tym zakresie oraz działań podejmowanych indywidualnie lub przy współpracy z samorządem lokalnym i organizacjami pozarządowymi. Bazując na przeglądzie literatury, omówiono pojęcie i znaczenie ochrony środowiska naturalnego, zwłaszcza w kontekście jego roli jako miejsca życia i spędzania czasu na poziomie lokalnym. Ustalono, że aktywność kobiet w badanych obszarach jest znaczna i zróżnicowana w przekroju makroregionów, co pozostawało w związku z ogólnym stanem środowiska naturalnego.
System utrzymania bez antybiotyków drogą do zrównoważonej produkcji świń
The aim of the article is to introduce the issue of pig raising systems without antibiotics on farms aiming to produce high-quality pork sought by consumers. The article presents a pig raising system without antibiotics as one of the ways to achieve sustainability of this production direction on the example of farms in Wielkopolska, taking into account production and economic aspects. The research is exploratory and contributes to further in-depth economic analyses. The analysis of the literature on the subject revealed an existing research gap in this area including, among others: in the field of agricultural economics. The source of factual knowledge was data obtained from the AgroIntegracia Wieprzowina consortium. The research proved that running a pig raising system without antibiotics, although it requires the introduction of specific technological and sanitary regimes, is satisfactory for farms in terms of both production and economic performance, although it requires them to take a holistic approach to production, i.e. oriented towards both animal genetics, animal productivity and overall welfare. The implementation of systems for raising pigs without antibiotics can contribute not only to improving the safety of the pork supply chain, but also to shortening it.
Diagnoza realizacji społecznej odpowiedzialności uczelni - wyniki badań ilościowych. 2.2 Charakterystyka próby badawczej
Human capital for the green economy
This study aims to assess the market availability of human capital for the needs of the green economy under the conditions of the changing labour market in Poland. It is a theoretical and analytical study based on desk research and critical analysis of available factual information. Based on an analysis of quantitative data describing the age structure and education of Poles from the perspective of three consecutive decades, a growing labour supply deficit was found. It also points to a possible shortage of competencies needed to green the economy. It was emphasised that, in view of the low effectiveness of the state's prevention policy aimed at preventing the growing demographic crisis, it would be necessary to supplement the shortage of workers from external resources, that is, labour migration. However, this may also be difficult because the labour markets in other European countries become increasingly competitive. Recommended solutions to foster labour market sustainability for the green economy may be to delay the exit of employees from the labour market, boost female economic activity, and make the education system more efficient.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourist Travel Risk Perception and Travel Behaviour: A Case Study of Poland
This article aims to identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the perception of the risk of travel and travel behaviour by Poles. The study was conducted using the survey method and the CAWI technique and was carried out in January 2021. The final research sample consisted of 509 respondents. Tourism has always been exposed to various threats: natural disasters, terrorism, etc. In such cases, tourists choose a different, safe direction. However, in 2020, tourism found itself facing a crisis that brought it to a complete stop worldwide. The spread of the COVID-19 virus and safety concerns, as well as global travel restrictions, led to a change in travel during this time. The results show that the respondents resigned especially from going abroad for security reasons, choosing to rather stay in the country and other places that, from their point of view, were safer places to rest.
Authenticity in Intangible Heritage as a Key to the Development of Tourism Products: Theoretical Frameworks from Poland
Challenges and Problems of Nature Conservation: A Case Study from Poland
The article aims to show the attitudes and views of Polish residents on the problem of preserving the natural environment from the perspective of their place of residence. The need for research in this area stems from the insufficient number of available studies on this very important issue given the global environmental challenges we are facing. The research gap noted relates particularly to the aspects of engagement in environmental measures, knowledge levels, and motivations for conservation efforts by local citizens. Environmentally and socially responsible behavior is part of the concept of sustainable development. Empirical research covered a sample of 500 adult residents of Poland using the CAWI technique. The results showed that the vast majority of respondents noticed numerous problems in preserving the natural environment in their place of residence. According to respondents, the way to reduce these problems is to increase care for green areas, promote renewable energy sources, and strive to reduce waste. Moreover, the research results show that respondents take initiatives to segregate waste, save energy, and apply the zero-waste concept. The main reason for taking action to solve environmental problems is to preserve the environment for our children and future generations. The results of these studies showed that for men, pro-environmental activities are more important than for women. These findings are valuable for policymakers, local authorities, and fellow citizens.
Financing streams of post-registration variety testing: a case study from Poland
This paper addresses the measures taken to implement progress in agriculture, with particular emphasis on the role played by Post-Registration Variety Testing (PRVT). Special attention was paid to assessing the structure of financing streams for PRVT in Poland, how they evolve over time and how they differ between locations. The Reports on the Implementation of the Post-Registration Variety Testing (PRVT) Program in 2010-2021 were used as source materials. Studies were carried out using 2010 constant prices. This paper found an increase in the number of PRVT research projects and experiments over the study period, which contributed to promoting biological progress, although the uses of PRVT findings differed between regions. Focus was also placed on the restructuring of financing for post-registration testing, with two leading streams being identified, namely the state budget and funds delivered by third parties, including private operators. The authors emphasized the importance of earmarked subsidies allocated to PRVT in the state budget, and the role they play in stimulating the transfer of knowledge and in promoting advancements and preserving biodiversity in Polish agriculture. The conclusion also points out the importance of PODs also in terms of the suitability of varieties for production in particular regions and under given technological conditions, which is in line with, among other things, the goals of the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, i.e. SDG 12 (ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns) and SDG 15 (protecting, restoring and promoting sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably managing forests, combating desertification, halting and reversing land degradation, and halting biodiversity loss).
