Filters
Nowe szczepy bakterii probiotycznych do zwalczania Escherichia coli i Clostridium perfringens u zwierząt, zwłaszcza u świń i dzików, kompozycje szczepów bakterii probiotycznych i ich zastosowania
Development of Delivery Systems with Prebiotic and Neuroprotective Potential of Industrial-Grade Cannabis sativa L.
This study delves into the transformative effects of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) cannabis extracts and prebiotic substances (dextran, inulin, trehalose) on gut bacteria, coupled with a focus on neuroprotection. Extracts derived from the Białobrzeska variety of Cannabis sativa, utilising supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), resulted in notable cannabinoid concentrations (cannabidiol (CBD): 6.675 ± 0.166; tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): 0.180 ± 0.006; cannabigerol (CBG): 0.434 ± 0.014; cannabichromene (CBC): 0.490 ± 0.017; cannabinol (CBN): 1.696 ± 0.047 mg/gD). The assessment encompassed antioxidant activity via four in vitro assays and neuroprotective effects against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The extract boasting the highest cannabinoid content exhibited remarkable antioxidant potential and significant inhibitory activity against both enzymes. Further investigation into prebiotic deliveries revealed their proficiency in fostering the growth of beneficial gut bacteria while maintaining antioxidant and neuroprotective functionalities. This study sheds light on the active compounds present in the Białobrzeska variety, showcasing their therapeutic potential within prebiotic systems. Notably, the antioxidant, neuroprotective, and prebiotic properties observed underscore the promising therapeutic applications of these extracts. The results offer valuable insights for potential interventions in antioxidant, neuroprotective, and prebiotic domains. In addition, subsequent analyses of cannabinoid concentrations post-cultivation revealed nuanced changes, emphasising the need for further exploration into the dynamic interactions between cannabinoids and the gut microbiota.
Zein as an Effective Carrier for Hesperidin Delivery Systems with Improved Prebiotic Potential
Hesperidin is a polyphenol derived from citrus fruits that has a broad potential for biological activity and the ability to positively modify the intestinal microbiome. However, its activity is limited by its low solubility and, thus, its bioavailability—this research aimed to develop a zein-based hesperidin system with increased solubility and a sustained release profile. The study used triple systems enriched with solubilizers to maximize solubility. The best system was the triple system hesperidin-zein-Hpβ-CD, for which the solubility improved by more than six times. A significant improvement in the antioxidant activity and the ability to inhibit α-glucosidase was also demonstrated, due to an improved solubility. A release profile analysis was performed in the subsequent part of the experiments, confirming the sustained release profile of hesperidin, while improving the solubility. Moreover, the ability of selected probiotic bacteria to metabolize hesperidin and the effect of this flavonoid compound on their growth were investigated.
Nowe szczepy bakterii probiotycznych do zwalczania Escherichia coli i Clostridium perfringens u ptaków hodowlanych, zwłaszcza u drobiu, kompozycje szczepów bakterii probiotycznych i ich zastosowania
Enhancing Sustainability and Antifungal Properties of Biodegradable Composites: Caffeine-Treated Wood as a Filler for Polylactide
This study investigates the suitability of using caffeine-treated and untreated black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) wood as a polylactide filler. Composites containing 10%, 20%, and 30% filler were investigated in terms of increasing the nucleating ability of polylactide, as well as enhancing its resistance to microorganisms. Differential scanning calorimetry studies showed that the addition of caffeine-treated wood significantly altered the crystallization behavior of the polymer matrix, increasing its crystallization temperature and degree of crystallinity. Polarized light microscopic observations revealed that only the caffeine-treated wood induced the formation of transcrystalline structures in the polylactide. Incorporation of the modified filler into the matrix was also responsible for changes in the thermal stability and decreased hydrophilicity of the material. Most importantly, the use of black cherry wood treated with caffeine imparted antifungal properties to the polylactide-based composite, effectively reducing growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium culmorum, Alternaria alternata, and Trichoderma viride. For the first time, it was reported that treatment of wood with a caffeine compound of natural origin alters the supermolecular structure, nucleating abilities, and imparts antifungal properties of polylactide/wood composites, providing promising insights into the structure-properties relationship of such composites.
Dodatek paszowy o właściwościach przeciwdrobnoustrojowych, mieszanka paszowa, zastosowanie dodatku paszowego do wytwarzania mieszanki paszowej
Comparative assessment of polyphenol stability, bioactivity, and digestive availability in purified compounds and fruit extracts from four black chokeberry cultivars
Kombucha as a Solvent for Chitosan Coatings: A New Strategy to Extend Shelf Life of Red Peppers
Plastic pollution and environmental degradation necessitate the development of natural, biodegradable food preservation materials. This study examined chitosan-based film-forming solutions using kombucha derived from black tea, lemon balm, and chamomile as natural solvents rich in bioactive compounds. Lemon balm kombucha solutions were used to create chitosan films and coat red peppers. The study assessed the mechanical properties of the films and the effects of chitosan coating on peppers, including texture, ascorbic acid content, sensory attributes, and antioxidant activity. Microbiological tests showed that a chitosan–lemon balm kombucha solution acted against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica. Lemon balm kombucha had high total phenolic (381.67 µg GAeq/mL) and flavonoid (21.05 µg Qeq/mL) contents. The chitosan film exhibited a tensile strength of 11.08 MPa and an elongation at break of 53.45%. The water vapor transmission rate of the obtained chitosan film was 131.84 g/m2·24 h. Coated peppers showed a 32% increase in skin strength and retained 11% more ascorbic acid after 15 days. Sensory evaluation revealed no significant differences from controls. These results highlight lemon balm kombucha as a promising natural solvent for chitosan coatings, which have the potential to extend red pepper shelf life and to support food preservation.
Fruit Vinegars as Natural and Bioactive Chitosan Solvents in the Production of Chitosan-Based Films
Natural fruit vinegars, derived from various fruits, enhance culinary experience and offer potential health benefits due to their bioactive compounds. In this study, fruit vinegars (apple, blackcurrant, and cherry) were used as natural solvents for producing chitosan films, introducing an environmentally friendly approach. Fruit vinegars and chitosan-based solutions were examined for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In turn, the obtained chitosan films were characterized by their antimicrobial, mechanical, and structural properties. Both fruit vinegars and film-forming chitosan solutions showed antioxidant activity, and chitosan–cherry vinegar solutions exhibited the highest antiradical and ferrous ion-chelating effect. All solvents and chitosan-based solutions were characterized by antimicrobial properties, especially against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (inhibition zone > 28 mm). Antimicrobial activity was also preserved in the case of chitosan-based film, especially when produced with cherry vinegar, which showed activity against the broadest spectrum of bacteria. The largest zone of inhibition for all samples was observed for P. aeruginosa in the range of 19 mm from the inhibition zone to >28 mm, depending on the type of vinegar used as a solvent. The conducted tests showed that the type of vinegar used also affects the mechanical parameters of the films obtained, such as elongation at break, for which values were recorded from 3.97 to 4.93 MPa, or tensile strength, for which the values were recorded from 48.48 to 70.58 MPa. The results obtained demonstrate that natural fruit vinegars, serving as chitosan solvents, can be an alternative to traditionally used acidic solvents, yielding films with favorable properties.
Exploring Beneficial Properties of Haskap Berry Leaf Compounds for Gut Health Enhancement
This study investigates the potential of formulated systems utilising haskap berry leaf extracts and dextran as carriers, to modulate both antioxidant and enzymatic inhibitory activities and their impact on the growth of specific bacterial strains. The analysis of antioxidant capacity, assessed through ABTS, CUPRAC, DPPH, and FRAP assays, revealed varying but consistently high levels across extracts, with Extract 3 (loganic acid: 2.974 mg/g, chlorogenic acid: 1.125 mg/g, caffeic acid: 0.083 mg/g, rutin: 1.137 mg/g, and quercetin: 1.501 mg/g) exhibiting the highest values (ABTS: 0.2447 mg/mL, CUPRAC: 0.3121 mg/mL, DPPH: 0.21001 mg/mL, and FRAP: 0.3411 mg/mL). Subsequent enzymatic inhibition assays demonstrated a notable inhibitory potential against α-glucosidase (1.4915 mg/mL, expressed as acarbose equivalent), hyaluronidase (0.2982 mg/mL, expressed as quercetin equivalent), and lipase (5.8715 µg/mL, expressed as orlistat equivalent). Further system development involved integration with dextran, showcasing their preserved bioactive compound content and emphasising their stability and potential bioactivity. Evaluation of the dextran systems’ impact on bacterial growth revealed a significant proliferation of beneficial strains, particularly the Bifidobacterium and lactobacilli genus (Bifidobacterium longum: 9.54 × 107 to 1.57 × 1010 CFU/mL and Ligilactobacillus salivarius: 1.36 × 109 to 1.62 × 1010 CFU/mL), suggesting their potential to modulate gut microbiota. These findings offer a foundation for exploring the therapeutic applications of haskap berry-based dextran systems in managing conditions like diabetes, emphasising the interconnected roles of antioxidant-rich botanical extracts and dextran formulations in promoting overall metabolic health.
Zastosowanie szczepu bakterii Carnobacterium divergens oraz jego metabolitów do wytwarzania probiotyku dla ryb, mięczaków i skorupiaków słodkowodnych do ograniczenia aktywności, wzrostu lub przeżywalności chorobotwórczych bakterii Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio angillarum, Edwardsiella Tarda
Nowe szczepy bakterii fermentacji mlekowej do zwalczania Escherichia coli i Clostridium perfringens u zwierząt, zwłaszcza u przeżuwaczy, ich kompozycje i zastosowania
Chitosan-Based Films with Essential Oil Components for Food Packaging
Chitosan-based films show great potential in terms of application in food preservation and are also promising carriers of biologically active ingredients. This paper presents the potential use of chitosan-based films with the addition of essential oil components, e.g., carvacrol, eugenol, and isoeugenol, intended for food packaging. The characteristics of the obtained films were determined, including antibacterial, mechanical, barrier, and structural parameters. In addition, the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of the essential oil components were assessed. Eugenol (44.41%) and isoeugenol (43.56%) showed high antiradical activities, similar to the activity of Trolox (44.33%), which is used as a standard antioxidant. In turn, carvacrol was characterized by the strongest effect against the examined strains of bacteria, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative. The chitosan film with carvacrol showed the most valuable antibacterial and mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break). The antibacterial activities of the chitosan–carvacrol films were higher than that of the carvacrol solution. The inhibition zones of the chitosan–carvacrol films were in the range 29–41 mm (except for Enterococcus faecalis, with an inhibition zone of 15 mm) compared to the inhibition zones of the carvacrol solution (28 mm). The results showed that chitosan is an effective carrier of fragrance compounds, mainly carvacrol. However, all the tested chitosan-based films with the addition of fragrance compounds showed appropriate parameters (biological, mechanical, and barrier), which makes them an ecological alternative to plastics intended for food packaging.