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Assessing the Impact of Selected Attributes on Dwelling Prices Using Ordinary Least Squares Regression and Geographically Weighted Regression: A Case Study in Poznań, Poland
The price of dwellings is determined by a number of attributes among which location factors are usually the most important. Comprehensive analyses of the real estate market should take into account a broad spectrum of attributes including economic factors, physical, neighborhood and environment characteristics. The primary objective of the study was to answer the question of what determinants affect transaction prices within the housing market in Poznań. The analysis was performed on the basis of source data obtained from the Board of Geodesy and Urban Cadastre GEOPOZ in Poznań. In our study, we used two research regression methods: ordinary least squares and geographically weighted regression. The estimated models made it possible to formulate specific conclusions related to the identification of local determinants of housing prices in the Poznań housing market. The results of the study confirmed that the use of the proposed techniques makes it possible to identify attributes relevant to the local market, and, moreover, the use of spatial analysis leads to an increase in the quality of the description of the characteristics of the analyzed phenomenon. Finally, the results obtained indicate the diversity of the analyzed market and highlight its ambiguity and complexity.
Preparation of the Digital Elevation Model using open source Geographic Information Systems tools for 3D prints
Abstract The presentation of landforms in two-dimensional graphics may not always be clear and understandable to every viewer. The presentation of landforms, as well as other types of characteristics and issues in three-dimensional space can bring many advantages in the process of better understanding of the surrounding reality. The primary purpose of this research is to put forward a simple scheme, accessible to any Geographic Information Systems user, for generating 3D physical terrain models for any area of the Earth. The presented scheme can be used anywhere in the world, however, for the purpose of illustrating its capabilities, a case study of a selected area – the Tatra Mountain range – was conducted in this paper. As part of the study, a 3D model was developed based on a Digital Elevation Model obtained from an open source, i.e. MapTiler. An indisputable advantage of the study is that the designed process flow in its structure takes into account only generally available tools and software (the model was prepared in the QGIS program). However, a certain limitation is the process of printing itself, which depends on the availability of specialized printing equipment. In this case study, FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) technology was used for printing, and the model itself was prepared on a Creality Ender 7 printer. The proposed flowchart, on the one hand, unifies and simplifies the process of creating physical 3D models, while on the other hand, it provides opportunities for GIS users and developers to develop the proposed solution.
Optimizing Forest-Biomass-Distribution Logistics from a Multi-Level Perspective - Review
Forest and wood biomass represent a sustainable reservoir of raw materials and energy, offering a viable alternative to fossil fuels. These resources find extensive use in producing bioproducts, including solid wood and wood materials. The judicious exploitation of forest and wood biomass can be pivotal in reducing carbon emissions and securing material and energy independence. The business viability of producing valuable goods from woody biomass hinges on ensuring its sustained availability. This necessitates access to high-quality biomass at a minimal cost, demanding the efficient design of wood-biomass-distribution logistics. Furthermore, it is imperative to give equal weight to social and ecological considerations in shaping the forest- and wood-biomass-distribution logistics, thereby ensuring the sustainable utilization of this renewable raw material source. This article presents research focused on the business optimization of distribution logistics for specific forms of forest biomass used in wood material production. While most studies have primarily concentrated on the business or ecological issues of biomass utilization, this article offers a comprehensive insight by addressing business, ecological, and social facets in assessing and optimizing wood-biomass-distribution logistics. Multi-stakeholder life-cycle-assessment optimization takes into account the reduction of greenhouse gases as an ecological metric, with production costs and capital expenditure forming the business metrics. At the same time, the generation of employment opportunities is commonly regarded as the pivotal social criterion. There remains a necessity for further exploration into the potential social impacts of forest biomass utilization. Additionally, developing enhanced methodologies and decision-support tools for scheduling wood-biomass-distribution logistics that holistically consider business, ecological, and social criteria is an essential ongoing task.