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Meta-Analysis of Influence of Diversity of Parental Forms on Heterosis and Specific Combining Ability of Their Hybrids
An important stage in any breeding activity is selection of suitable individuals for further breeding. Thus, the main goal of breeders becomes such a selection of parental forms that leads to the consolidation and maximization of the value of traits of significant utility and economic importance. Heterosis and specific combining ability are very important parameters in plant and animal breeding. The ability to predict their value and relevance could significantly shorten the breeding process. One way to predict the effects of heterosis and specific combining ability is to select parental forms for crosses. This selection can be made on the basis of variation in parental forms. An analysis was made of publicly available data that contain information about the effects of heterosis, the effects of specific combining ability, and phenotypic and genetic diversity of parental forms. Preliminary studies show that the best approach for obtaining favorable hybrids would be selection of parental forms that are very genetically diverse while being phenotypically equal.
Wykorzystanie technologii NGS, mapowania asocjacyjnego i fizycznego w celu identyfikacji genów kandydujących związanych z plonem kukurydzy
Genotype by year interaction for selected quantitative traits in hybrid lines of Triticum aestivum L. with Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. and Ae. variabilis Eig. using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model
AbstractThis study estimated the genotype × environment interactions for ten yield associated traits in advanced generation hybrids of several cultivars of common wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) withAegilops kotschyiBoiss. andA. variabilisEig. using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models. Tests were ran over five years at one location in replicated field trials. The AMMI model showed significant genotypic and environmental effects for all analysed traits. A majority of the hybrid lines were less stable in the analysed traits than their parental wheats. The older wheat cultivars, with lower environmental sensitivity, were the most stable. The best total genotype selection index, for all ten traits combined, was observed for the oldest cvs. Gama and Rusałka, and among the hybrid lines, forAe. kotschyi/Rusałka//Smuga andAe. kotschyi/Rusałka//Muza. The linesAe. kotschyi/Rusałka//Smuga,Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Muza,Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Korweta,Ae. kotschyi/Rusałka//Begra///Smuga, andAe. kotschyi/Rusałka//Begra///Turnia are recommended for inclusion in breeding programmes due to their greater stability and the good average values for the observed traits.
Genotype-environment interaction for grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model
AbstractGenotype-environment interaction consists of the different response of individual genotypes resulting from changing environmental conditions. Its significance is a phenomenon that makes the breeding process very difficult. On the one hand, the breeder expects stable genotypes, i.e., yielding similarly regardless of environmental conditions. On the other hand, selecting the best genotypes for each region is one of the key challenges for breeders and farmers. The aim of this study was to evaluate genotype-by-environment interaction for grain yield in new maize hybrids developed by Plant Breeding Smolice Co. Ltd., utilizing the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model. The investigation involved 69 maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids, tested across five locations in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Grain yield varied from 8.76 t ha–1 (SMH_16417 in Smolice) to 16.89 t ha–1 (SMH_16043 in Płaczkowo), with a mean yield of 13.16 t ha–1. AMMI analysis identified significant effects of genotype, environment, and their interaction on grain yield. Analysis of variance indicated that 25.12% of the total variation in grain yield was due to environment factor, 35.20% to genotypic differences, and 21.18% to genotype by environmental interactions. Hybrids SMH_1706 and SMH_1707 are recommended for further breeding programs due to their high stability and superior average grain yield.