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Aspectos jurĂdicos seleccionados de la informatizaciĂłn de la administraciĂłn agrĂcola en Polonia
Los temas que se abordan en este estudio estĂĄn relacionados con las tareas que realizan los organismos de la administraciĂłn pĂșblica en el ĂĄmbito de la informatizaciĂłn de los registros pĂșblicos agrarios. Esto incluye, sin limitarse a ello, todos y cada uno de los registros, anotaciones y otros sistemas de recogida e intercambio de informaciĂłn sobre los agricultores y su actividad de producciĂłn agrĂcola. AdemĂĄs de esto tambiĂ©n se analiza aquĂ algunas cuestiones relacionadas con el valor probatorio de los registros pĂșblicos polacos en el ĂĄmbito de la administraciĂłn agrĂcola en el contexto del sistema polaco de TIC ampliamente utilizado. El documento pretende responder a la pregunta de si la normativa legal para la organizaciĂłn de los registros pĂșblicos agrarios, tal y como se ha propuesto en la UniĂłn y nacional, permite su funcionamiento eficaz y, por tanto, el desempeño de sus funciones en un sistema de TIC. Otro objetivo de estas reflexiones es identificar los avances actuales en la informatizaciĂłn de la administraciĂłn agraria y determinar el valor probatorio de los registros polacos en este ĂĄmbito. Los autores concluyen que el estado de informatizaciĂłn de los registros oficiales polacos que contienen datos sobre los agricultores y las actividades agrĂcolas debe considerarse relativamente positivo. Asimismo, constatan que el legislador debe intervenir en un esfuerzo por definir inequĂvocamente la naturaleza de los propios registros pĂșblicos y regular la publicidad de los datos recogidos en ellos teniendo en cuenta las clases de pruebas y los principios para establecerlas.
Selected issues of legal soil protection
This article presents Finnish regulations on food information and attempts to identify those of the solutions presented that could be adopted by Polish legislators. In order to achieve this aim it examines voluntary product origin labelling, the deposit system, alcohol advertising and âGMO-freeâ labelling. Their analysis leads to the conclusion that Finland has introduced solutions that promote local patriotism and facilitate informed consumer choice by providing detailed information. The author believes that Finnish solutions such as the zero tolerance principle for âGMO-freeâ labelling and the modern deposit system could serve as good examples for Polish legislators. The introduction of similar solutions in Poland might contribute to improving consumer protection and food quality on the market.
Sustainable water use for agricultural production - selected legal aspects
La cuestiĂłn de la escasez de agua en la agricultura es compleja y require de un enfoque holĂstico debido al papel que desempeña el agua en la producciĂłn agrĂcola de cada paĂs europeo, aunque en este trabajo sĂłlo se analizan las diferentes condiciones geogrĂĄficas y climĂĄticas de España y Polonia. Ambos Estados se enfrentan al problema de la sequĂa y del uso no siempre adecuado del agua en el marco de la actual PAC. Es por ello, que en objetivo de este trabajo es anĂĄlizar los instrumentos legales para mejorar el estado cuantitativo y cualitativo, tanto a nivel regional como a nivel local, del uso y la gestiĂłn del agua en la agricultura de ambos paĂses.
UrzÄdowy model kontroli ĆŒywnoĆci
The subject of this article are issues related to the functioning of the food safety system in terms of institutions and administrative entities established for this purpose at the EU level. The aim of the considerations is to answer the question whether the adopted legal solutions will enable effective official control of agri-food products. They are based on the assumption that only coordinated control and monitoring programmes serve to prevent or minimise exposure to food hazards. At the same time, they should cover the entire agri-food chain, and the application of a coherent approach to official controls and enforcement measures should serve this purpose. Member States are responsible for compliance with EU legislation in this regard. They shall indicate the competent central authority or authorities to which they entrust control competences. Their specific role is, among other things, the development of procedures or solutions used to ensure the efficiency and usefulness of official controls and other official activities. Official food control is one of the most important instruments of the food safety system. Therefore, the extension of its scope to the entire agri-food sector should be evaluated positively. The EU control model created allows for its effective organisation. At the same time, it should be stressed that the environment of the agri-food chain is constantly changing, which requires constant adaptation of the official control system by the EU legislator.
ZwiÄkszanie zdolnoĆci uczelni do inicjowania i uczestniczenia w rozwoju klastrĂłw w oparciu o zasady innowacyjnoĆci i zrĂłwnowaĆŒonego rozwoju
Legal and economic instruments to support agricultural producers in the face of crises and strengthen their position in the supply chain
The Effectiveness of Agrarian Administration as the Basis for Protecting the Confidence of Agricultural Producers in Public Authority
Abstract The subject of the article is issues related to the efficiency of agricultural administration as a basis for protecting the confidence of agricultural producers in public authority. Agricultural activity is increasingly determined by the norms of administrative law. Specific in this case, the administration is entitled to build a certain institutional environment that allows it to appoint the bodies necessary for the implementation of the instruments that affect it, and thus to determine the activity of agricultural producers in the desired direction. The purpose of the article was to answer the question of what factor affects the level of confidence in public authority in agricultural producers in the course of their agricultural activities. The article concludes that the actual level of confidence in public authority depends on many factors, including, in particular, individual and collective confidence in the effective operation of the administrative apparatus.
Informatyzacja administracji publicznej na przykĆadzie spraw z zakresu rolnictwa i rozwoju obszarĂłw wiejskich - wybrane zagadnienia prawne
Public administration bodies perform a number of tasks with regard to agricultural public registers. Nowadays, a very important factor contributing to the improvement and optimisation of these registers is their computerisation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to answer the question whether the legal regulations proposed at the EU and national level in order to organise public registers in agriculture allow their efficient operation in Poland and thus enable the fulfilment of their functions via the ICT system. The authors conclude that the stage of computerisation of official registers containing data on farmers and their activities in Poland should be assessed quite positively. There is no doubt that the aim of computerisation in public administration is to make the processes comprehensible and transparent, as well as to enable their continuous adaptation to the changing information and communications technologies. Hence, further rapid development requires more financial and organisational investment.
Agricultural crises - selected legal aspects of drought
Abstract The specific nature of agriculture, and in particular its natural conditions, imply the occurrence of specific risks leading increasingly to crisis situations. These result in agricultural producers being unable to cope on their own with worsening production and consequently living conditions, and in extreme cases abandoning agricultural activity. A recurrent negative phenomenon in recent years that causes many losses is drought. Its occurrence is a certain challenge for the legislator, who, by eans of specific legal norms, at least to a limited extent, can shape the existence of agricultural producers and protect them from abandoning agricultural activity. The aim of this article is to assess the legal norms adopted at EU and national level which affect agricultural producers in the context of the occurrence of drought. Furthermore, it aims to answer the question of whether and to what extent the legislator protects their livelihoods. The approach of the national and EU legislator with regard to the forms of support provided should be assessed positively. The national legislator, on the basis of the dispositions contained in the EU law, supports agricultural producers in the face of the occurrence of crisis situations, however, it should take into account the necessity of adopting additional, special solutions in this respect strengthening the livelihood of producers.
Comparative analysis of EU regulations associated to the green deal targets, 3.2, Antibiotics use in national laws. Poland
The role of clusters in the agri-food supply chain - selected legal issues
Este artĂculo aborda algunos temas relacionados con el funcionamiento de la cadena de suministro agroalimentaria. Cuando estĂĄ debidamente estructurada, la cadena tiende a estabilizarse y permite salvaguardar la rentabilidad de las actividades agrĂcolas. Los clĂșsteres agroalimentarios pueden desempeñar un papel particular en este contexto. Por lo tanto, el propĂłsito de este documento es evaluar las soluciones legales implementadas a nivel nacional y de la UniĂłn que afectan directa o indirectamente la forma en que existen y funcionan los clĂșsteres. Se concluyĂł que los clĂșsteres son una herramienta para la polĂtica agrĂcola vigente. Deben verse como un mĂ©todo de colaboraciĂłn entre operadores activos en diferentes etapas de la cadena de suministro y como una forma de desarrollar los eslabones individuales de la cadena (productores agrĂcolas, empresas, etc.). Dado que pueden establecerse libremente y son elegibles para el apoyo estatal en un entorno legal amigable, son un facilitador de redes de colaboraciĂłn y relaciones econĂłmicas.
Legal and Financial Mechanisms of Income Support for Agricultural Producers in the Face of Agricultural Crises
The subject of the article is issues related to the attitude of the legislator to the occurrence of certain deformations in the agricultural market, which reduce the financial security of agricultural producers. These deformations are associated with the appearance of negative economic phenomena, such as risks, crisis situation or crisis. They disrupt the profitable operation of farms and, in extreme cases, lead to the extinction of agricultural activities. The purpose of the article was to try to answer the question of whether the normative solutions proposed at the EU level protect the income of agricultural producers in the face of the occurrence of crises in agriculture. The article concludes that the legal and economic instruments adopted within the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy for 2023â2027 largely do not meet the current needs arising from the protection of the livelihoods of EU agricultural producers. This is due to the fact that they are not adequate to deal with the effects of the current multiple crises in the agricultural market, related to the war in Ukraine, the occurrence of large-scale negative climatic phenomena. and the still felt effects of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. This causes agricultural producers to fail to cope with its negative effects.
Legal instruments for strengthening the position of agricultural producers in the agri-food supply chain
The article deals with issues regarding the protection of the position of an agricultural producer in the agri-food supply chain vis a vis significant differences that frequently occur in the bargaining power between suppliers and buyers of agricultural and food produce. These issues are analysed against the background of unfair trade practices. The aim of the article is to answer the question of whether the normative solutions adopted at the EU and at national levels serve to adequately strengthen the position of agricultural producers in the food supply chain. It ends with a conclusion that despite the existence of certain legal mechanisms supporting agricultural producers, the protection they provide is still insufficient.
