2023, Wróblewska-Zierhoffer, Marta, Paprzycka, Barbara, Kubiak, Anna, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Rospond-Kubiak, Iwona

Abstract Aim To investigate the frequency and location of additional primary malignancies in a Polish cohort of uveal melanoma (UM) patients registered in a single centre database. Material and method Retrospective data analysis of patients treated for uveal melanoma at the Department of Ophthalmology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland between 1991 and 2017. Data on the diagnosis of the additional malignancies were obtained during the follow-up visits in our Department and/or from the Greater Poland Cancer Registry. The exclusion criteria comprised no confirmed follow-up or incomplete clinical entry data. Results Among 644 UM patients registered in the database up to 2017, the additional malignancy was diagnosed in 126 (20%) patients: 71 men, 55 women at the median age of 67 years (range: 34–94). In 48 patients (38%), the additional malignancy occurred prior to the diagnosis of UM, in 73 (58%) patients - after it. The most common locations of second cancer were skin (20 cases / 15%), breast (17 cases / 13%) and lungs (15 cases / 12%). The median follow-up was 36 months (range: 3–242). 87 patients (69%) died by the study close, 32 (37%) of them due to metastatic disease from uveal melanoma, 41 (47%) due to another cancer. Conclusions The frequency of additional primary malignancies was higher in our cohort than reported by most of other groups. If there is a certain predisposition to a specific type of additional primary carcinoma in UM patients, the analysis of larger database is required.

2025, Dobrzyńska, Patrycja, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Stangierski, Jerzy, Hejdysz, Marcin, Szwaczkowski, Tomasz

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of genotype and diet on geese from crossbreeding meat lines Tapphorn (T) and Eskildsen (E). This study was conducted on 240 crossbred geese assigned to two dietary groups: an SBM diet group fed a standard soybean-based diet and an LPS diet group fed a yellow lupin-based diet. Birds were reared under identical management conditions and slaughtered at 17 weeks of age. The following traits were recorded: meat colour (CIELab), pH24, cooking loss, breast and thigh muscle texture (shear force and energy), and sensory traits. The results showed a significant effect of both genotype and diet on meat quality. The LPS diet lowered shear force and energy (by ~11%, p < 0.001), reduced cooking loss in breast muscles (by ~5%, p < 0.001), and improved the juiciness and flavour of thigh muscles. The ET genotype positively influenced the meat colour intensity (lower L*, higher a*), while the lupin-based diet improved technological parameters, especially the water-holding capacity. The results confirm that replacing soybean meal with yellow lupin protein is an effective nutritional strategy that can improve goose meat quality and sustainability without compromising the sensory quality. These outcomes support developing soy-free feeding strategies in goose production to meet consumer expectations and reduce reliance on imported feed.

2023, Bobiński, Andrzej, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Reichert, Paweł, Morasiewicz, Piotr

Background: There have been no reports on arthroereisis screw insertion into the talus in patients with flexible flatfoot. We aimed to conduct a clinical and radiological assessment in patients with symptomatic pes planovalgus deformity treated with a talar screw. Methods: This study involved a prospective assessment of 27 patients treated surgically for symptomatic flexible flatfoot deformity in the period 2021–2022. The following parameters were assessed in this study: Meary’s angle, the Costa–Bartani angle, the calcaneal pitch angle, surgery duration, the length of hospital stay, patient satisfaction, patients’ retrospective willingness to consent to the treatment they received, postoperative complications, and the use of analgesics. Results: The mean follow-up period was 14.76 months. Meary’s angle decreased from 18.63° before surgery to 9.39° at follow-up (p = 0.004). The Costa–Bartani angle decreased significantly from 154.66° before surgery to 144.58° after surgery (p = 0.012). The calcaneal pitch angle changed from 16.21° before to 19.74°. Complications were reported in three patients (11.11%). The mean surgery duration was 32 min. The mean hospital stay was 2.2 days. Fourteen patients (51.85%) were highly satisfied with the treatment, and 12 patients (44.44%) were quite satisfied with treatment. Twenty-five (92.59%) of the evaluated patients would choose the same type of treatment again. Six patients (22.22%) needed to use analgesics prior to surgical treatment, whereas none of the patients needed to use them by the final follow-up. Conclusion: Spherus screw arthroereisis helps improve radiological parameters in patients with flexible flatfoot. We observed good clinical outcomes after treatment with a talar screw, with a majority of patients reporting moderate-to-high levels of satisfaction with treatment. Both short- and medium-term treatment outcomes of pes planovalgus treatment with the use of Spherus screw are good.

2024, Widłak, Patrycja, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Woldańska-Okońska, Marta, Bartnicki, Piotr

2025, Malara, Marzena, Tomczyk, Łukasz

2025, Pelc, Marcin, Hryniuk, Władysław, Bobiński, Andrzej, Kochańska-Bieri, Joanna, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Pili, Daniele, Morasiewicz, Piotr

2025, Kowal, Igor, Pelc, Marcin, Pili, Daniele, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Operacz, Radosław, Morasiewicz, Piotr

Background: There is no consensus on the best treatment method for calcaneal fractures. The topic of lower limb biomechanics following calcaneal fracture treatment with various fixation methods has not been fully explored. The aim of the study was to assess the balance and load distribution of the lower limbs in patients after various methods of stabilization of calcaneal fractures. Methods: In this two-center study, we retrospectively collected data from 19 patients treated with internal plate fixation at a mean age of 46 years and 27 patients treated with Ilizarov external fixation at a mean age of 50 years. Using the Zebris Medical pedobarophragmatic platform, we assessed the percentage distribution of lower limb loads and balance. Results: There were no significant differences in total load distribution for both the operated (p = 0.489) and non-operated limb (p = 0.46), between the Ilizarov method group and the internal plate group. In the Ilizarov fixation group, total load distribution was 46.89% on the treated limb, and 53.11% on the uninjured limb, p = 0.077. In the internal plate fixation group, the mean total load distribution was 41.57% in the treated limb, and 57.89% in the uninjured limb, p = 0.008. The median CoG (center or gravity) sway path length was 132.41 cm and 170.21 cm in the Ilizarov and internal plate group, respectively, p = 0.023. The median CoG sway areas were 0.84 cm2 and 7.57 cm2 in the Ilizarov method group and internal plate fixation group, respectively, p < 0.001. Conclusions: The Ilizarov method was associated with more symmetrical load distribution and improved balance performance compared to internal plate fixation. Static biomechanical parameters of calcaneal fracture treatment were better in the Ilizarov group compared to patients with internal plate fixation.

2025, Dobrzyńska, Patrycja, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Hejdysz, Marcin, Stangierski, Jerzy, Szwaczkowski, Tomasz

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of two dietary protein sources - standard soybean meal (SBM) and local protein sources (LPS: yellow lupin and rapeseed meal) - on growth performance, feed efficiency, and meat quality in two goose reciprocal crossbred populations of Eskildsen (E) and Tapphorn (T). The research material consisted of 240 geese (120 from each of the two groups TE and ET). The following traits were recorded: growth, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass composition, and meat chemical composition, including fatty acid profiles. Results showed that LPS-fed geese had reduced body weight gain (BWG) during the first 28 days; however, this difference diminished over time. While final body weights were similar, cumulative feed intake was higher and FCR less efficient in the LPS group. The TE genotype exhibited superior growth and carcass weights compared to ET, suggesting a maternal heterosis effect. Although protein and mineral content were unaffected, meat from LPS-fed geese had higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and lower fat content, indicating potential nutritional benefits. In conclusion, yellow lupin can serve as a viable alternative to SBM in goose diets. On the other hand, effects of population on these studied traits are usually significant. It indicates formulating feeding strategies should be included genetic origin of population.

2023, Bobiński, Andrzej, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Pelc, Marcin, Chruścicki, Damian Aleksander, Śnietka, Bartosz, Morasiewicz, Piotr

Background: Pes planovalgus, or flexible flatfoot, deformity is a common problem in pediatric orthopedic patients. There is no consensus on using the technique of arthroereisis in the treatment of symptomatic pes planovalgus. The aim of our study was to prospectively assess the functional outcomes following symptomatic pes planovalgus treatment with the use of the Spherus talar screw. Methods: Twenty-seven patients (11 females, 16 males), at a mean age of 10.5 years (7–14 years) were included in the prospective study. We assessed the level of physical activity (including sports) based on the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) activity scale, a 10-point level-of-activity VAS scale, and the Grimby physical activity scale. Pain was assessed based on a VAS pain scale; foot function was assessed with the revised Foot Function Index (FFI-R); and ankle joint mobility was measured. Results: The mean follow-up period was 18 months (14–26 months). There was a significant improvement in VAS-measured physical activity scores from 5.47 to 7 at follow-up, p = 0.048. There was a significant improvement in UCLA activity scale scores from 4.78 to 6.05 at follow-up, p = 0.045. Pain levels decreased from a mean VAS score of 4.73 prior to surgery to a mean score of 2.73 at follow-up, p = 0.047. The functional FFI-R scores showed a significant improvement from 140 points prior to surgery to 97.75 points at follow-up, p = 0.017. Comparison of the preoperative and follow-up values of the range of plantar flexion, adduction, and abduction in the operated limb also showed no significant changes in those individual parameters. The mean values of dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, adduction, and abduction at the ankle joint at follow-up, compared individually between the operated and non-operated foot showed no statistically significant differences. Conclusions: The use of a talar screw in the treatment of symptomatic pes planovalgus helps reduce pain and improve functional outcomes after treatment. Foot function assessments showed diminished pain, improved levels of physical and sport activity, and no effect on the range of motion after surgery in comparison with preoperative data. Arthroereisis with a talar screw is a valid surgical technique for the treatment of symptomatic pes planovalgus.

2023, Kuliński, Patryk, Rutkowski, Michał, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Miękisiak, Grzegorz, Morasiewicz, Piotr

Abstract Background Chevron osteotomy is one of the most common approaches to hallux valgus corrective surgery. This procedure is often combined with Akin osteotomy of the proximal phalanx of the hallux. There are no definitive guidelines specifying the indications for a given osteotomy technique nor data on postoperative loss of correction or the effect of the type of first-ray surgery on the development of adjacent-joint arthritis. The aim of this study was to assess radiographic treatment outcomes via chevron osteotomy with and without Akin osteotomy. Methods The study evaluated 117 patients treated in the period 2016–2019. Ninety-nine of those patients underwent distal chevron osteotomy alone, and 18 patients underwent a combined chevron–Akin double osteotomy. The analyzed radiograms had been obtained preoperatively, at 6 weeks after surgery, and after a long-term follow-up. The following parameters were assessed: the intermetatarsal angle (IMA), hallux valgus angle (HVA), interphalangeal angle (IPA), postoperative recurrence of valgus deformity, adjacent-joint arthritis, and complications. Results Chevron-Akin osteotomy helped maintain lower HVA and IPA values in long-term follow-up in comparison with those in the patients who underwent chevron osteotomy alone. The chevron osteotomy group showed a significant increase in the mean HVA from 18.37° at the first follow-up visit to 20.81° at the last follow-up visit. There were no differences between the groups in terms of the remaining assessed radiographic parameters. Hallux valgus surgery does not increase adjacent-joint arthritis. Conclusion The use of combined chevron-Akin osteotomy does not affect HVA or IMA correction. The combination of chevron and Akin osteotomies reduces the risk of increased HVA and IPA in long-term follow-up. The additional Akin osteotomy does not increase the risk of adjacent-joint arthritis. Combining chevron osteotomy with Akin osteotomy is recommended in hallux valgus deformity correction.

2024, Bobiński, Andrzej, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Pelc, Marcin, Chruścicki, Damian, Śnietka, Bartosz, Wójcik, Jarosław, Morasiewicz, Piotr

2025, Morasiewicz, Piotr, Zaborska, Monika, Sobczak, Michał, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Pili, Daniele, Kazubski, Krystian, Leyko, Paweł

Background: Patients with nonunion experience pain, mobility problems, and physical activity limitations; require long-term, costly treatment; and cannot resume work. Some authors recommend the use of pharmaceutical agents as an adjunct therapy in fracture and nonunion treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ossein–hydroxyapatite complex used as an adjunct therapy in nonunion treatment with the Ilizarov external fixator. Methods: In this retrospective study, we assessed 31 patients (nine women, 22 men) at a mean age of 47 years (29–68 years), who were receiving osteogenon, with aseptic tibial shaft nonunion treated with the Ilizarov external fixator in the period 2019–2023, designated as Group 1. The control group comprised 29 patients (five women, 24 men), at a mean age of 48 years, with aseptic tibial shaft nonunion treated with the Ilizarov external fixator, who did not receive osteogenon during treatment, designated as Group 2. We assessed the following parameters—duration of Ilizarov fixation, achieved bone union, time to resuming normal physical activity, maintained bone union, time to complete pain relief, the number of patients reporting complete pain relief, the number of patients who were fitted with a cast or splint following Ilizarov fixator removal, and the rate of complications. Results: The median time to Ilizarov fixator removal was 275 days in Group 1 and 218 days in Group 2. In Group 1, bone union was observed in 100% of patients, in Group 2, 93% of patients achieved bone union. This difference was statistically significant, p = 0.041. Maintained bone union was observed in 85.7% of patients from the osteogenon group and in 79.3% of patients from the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant. There were no differences between groups in the median time to resuming normal physical activity, the median time to achieving pain relief, the rate of complications, and the rate of pain relief. Conclusions: The use of ossein–hydroxyapatite complex has a beneficial effect on fracture nonunion treatment with the Ilizarov method. The use of osteogenon helps increase the proportion of patients with fracture nonunion who achieve bone union following treatment with the Ilizarov method. Osteogenon does not significantly affect complication rates, time to fixator removal, time to achieving pain relief, time to resuming normal physical activity, maintained bone union rates, or the proportion of patients who achieve pain relief.

2023, Kazubski, Krystian, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Bobiński, Andrzej, Morasiewicz, Piotr

Background: Bilateral osteoarthritis of the knee is an indication for a bilateral total knee replacement (TKR) procedure. The goal of our study was to assess the sizes of the implants used during the first and second stages of TKR procedures in order to compare their size and identify the prognostic factors for the second procedure. Methods: We evaluated 44 patients who underwent staged bilateral TKR procedures. We assess the following prognostic factors from the first and second surgery: duration of anesthesia, femoral component size, tibial component size, duration of hospital stay, tibial polyethylene insert size, and the number of complications. Results: All assessed prognostic factors did not differ statistically between the first and second TKR. A strong correlation was found between the size of femoral components and the size of tibial components used during the first and second total knee arthroplasty. The mean duration of the hospital stay associated with the first TKR surgery was 6.43 days, whereas the mean duration of the second hospital stay was 5.5 days (p = 0.211). The mean sizes of the femoral components used during the first and second procedures were 5.43 and 5.2, respectively (p = 0.54). The mean sizes of the tibial components used during the first and second TKR procedures were 5.36 and 5.25, respectively (p = 0.382). The mean sizes of the tibial polyethylene inserts used during the first and second procedures were 9.45 and 9.34 (p = 0.422), respectively. The mean duration of anesthesia during the first and second knee arthroplasty was 117.04 min and 118.06 min, respectively (p = 0.457). The mean rates of recorded complications associated with the first and second TKR procedures were 0.13 and 0.06 per patient (p = 0.371). Conclusions: We observed no differences between the two stages of treatment in terms of all analyzed parameters. We observed a strong correlation between the size of femoral components used during the first and second total knee arthroplasty. We noted a strong correlation between the size of tibial components used during the first and second procedure. Slightly weaker prognostic factors include the number of complications, duration of anesthesia and tibial polyethylene insert size.

2025, Nowaczewski, Sebastian, Grzegrzółka, Beata, Gruszczyńska, Joanna, Szablewski, Tomasz, Stuper-Szablewska, Kinga, Cegielska-Radziejewska, Renata, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Biadała, Agata, Lewko, Lidia, Szulc, Karolina, Kaczmarek, Sebastian, Racewicz, Przemysław Łukasz, Jarosz, Łukasz, Hejdysz, Marcin

Abstract Ten percent of the world’s total edible eggs come from Japanese quail. The popularity of quail eggs is attributed to their high yolk content and hypoallergenic properties. This study aimed to analyze the physical characteristics and selected biochemical parameters of Japanese quail eggs based on shell color (dotted - D group, spotted - S group, and hazy - H group). The heaviest and most elongated eggs were found in the group H. The yolk index was significantly higher in dotted eggs, which also exhibited the highest lysozyme content and activity. The thickest shell (p≤0.05) with the lowest elasticity was observed in hazy eggs. However, no differences were found between eggshell colors concerning their breaking strength. The highest Ca content in the shell was found in the spotted group (S), while hazy eggs exhibited the lowest (p≤0.05) Ca and Mg content, despite having the thickest shells. Hazy eggs were also characterized by the highest crude protein content and the smallest proportion of crude fat and ash. The dotted eggs had the highest (p≤0.05) proportions of C16:1 and C18:2 fatty acids and a higher PUFA content (p≤0.05). Nutritionally, the dotted eggs performed best in terms of fatty acid profile and were also characterized by higher Mg, Ca, Cu, Mn, K, and Na content compared to the other groups. In summary, dotted eggs may be more appealing to consumers due to their advantageous physical and biochemical characteristics.

2025, Leyko, Paweł, Zaborska, Monika, Walczak, Agnieszka, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Pelc, Marcin, Mnich, Aleksander, Operacz, Radosław, Morasiewicz, Piotr

Background: Developmental knee joint deformities are a common problem in pediatric orthopedics. Children with a valgus or varus deformity of the distal femur or the proximal tibia are commonly treated with hemiepiphysiodesis. Gait analysis in patients with lower limb deformities plays an important role in clinical practice. The purpose of our study was to assess gait parameters in patients who underwent hemiepiphysiodesis procedures of the distal femur or proximal tibia due to a knee deformity and to compare them with those in healthy controls. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 35 patients (14 females and 21 males) after hemiepiphysiodesis and compared the results with a healthy control group (26 participants). Gait was analyzed with a G-Sensor device (BTS Bioengineering Corp., Quincy, MA, USA). We assessed the following gait parameters: gait cycle duration, step length, support phase duration, swing phase duration, double support duration, single support duration, cadence, velocity, and step length. We assessed these gait parameters in a group of patients before and after treatment with hemiepiphysiodesis. We compared the patients’ results before and after treatment to those of a healthy control group. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The mean follow-up period was 13 months. There was no difference in the results of gait assessments in patients prior to and after treatment. The median step length was 47.09% in the treated limb after treatment and 54.01% in the intact limb (p = 0.018). There were no other differences in gait parameters in the treated limbs and the healthy, intact limbs in the patient group after treatment. There were no significant differences in the patients before and after treatment compared with those in the healthy control group in all gait parameters. Conclusions: Valgus or varus knee deformity correction with the use of hemiepiphysiodesis does not significantly improve preoperative gait parameters. The biomechanical outcomes of hemiepiphysiodesis in the treatment of valgus or varus knee deformity are good. We observed no differences in gait cycle duration, step length, support phase duration, swing phase duration, double support duration, single support duration, gait velocity, cadence, or step length between the experimental and healthy control groups.

2023, Kuliński, Patryk, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Pawik, Łukasz, Olech, Jarosław, Morasiewicz, Piotr

2025, Morasiewicz, Piotr, Pelc, Marcin, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Kochanska-Bieri, Joanna, Bobiński, Andrzej, Pili, Daniele, Reichert, Paweł

2025, Tomczyk, Łukasz, Leśnierowski, Grzegorz, Tomczak, Aneta, Ajemigbitse, Jubilee Amajuoritse, Szablewski, Tomasz, Cegielska-Radziejewska, Renata

This research examines the enzymatic modification of lysozyme, a glycosidic hydrolase that has restricted effectiveness against Gram-negative bacteria, in order to produce bioactive peptide fractions with improved antibacterial and physicochemical characteristics. Utilizing chicken egg lysozyme, modifications were performed in controlled settings with proteolytic enzymes, mainly pepsin, and experiments with a pepsin-trypsin ratio. The modification methods sought to improve the hydrophobic nature of lysozyme’s surface, create oligomeric and peptide forms, and decrease immunogenicity. Findings showed that raising pepsin concentration enhanced the creation of peptide fractions, increasing surface hydrophobicity while reducing hydrolytic and antioxidant activities. Increased hydrophobicity and reduced enzyme activity were linked to enhanced antibacterial effectiveness, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria, a characteristic absent in natural lysozyme. Additionally, the research noted a decrease in immunoreactivity as pepsin concentrations increased, achieving the lowest antibody response in optimized formulations. This enzymatic method offers an economical way to create lysozyme derivatives that hold considerable promise for wider applications, particularly in scenarios where lower immunoreactivity and a prolonged antibacterial spectrum are needed.

2025, Malara, Marzena, Widłak, Patrycja, Tomczyk, Łukasz