A Literature Review of Selected Bacterial Diseases in Alpacas and Llamas—Epidemiology, Clinical Signs and Diagnostics

Over the last decade or more, New World Camelids, particularly llamas and alpacas have become popular farm animals all over the world. Many owners consider these animals as pets, resulting in closer contact between them and humans. Therefore, in spite of their relatively high resistance to infectious diseases, it is important to improve knowledge of, among other things, bacterial diseases affecting New World Camelids. This review aims to bring together the latest knowledge of diseases caused by Clostridium spp., Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Manheimia haemolytica and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in llamas and alpacas.