Wind and solar energy in Small Island Developing States for mitigating global climate change

Despite contributing less than 1% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have the potential to drive global mitigation actions by advocating for ambitious emission reduction targets, promoting renewable energy solutions, and advancing sustainable development practices. The adoption of onshore-offshore wind and solar energy in 39 SIDS, which are currently experiencing the adverse effects of climate change, presents a significant opportunity. By harnessing renewable energy sources, these countries can effectively mitigate GHG emissions, enhance energy security, and build resilience. This approach aligns with the renewable energy roadmap outlined at the 28th Conference of Parties (COP) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), facilitating a transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. However, realizing such prospects requires collaboration among policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers to address multiple technical, economic, and environmental issues. Through this joint effort, the untapped potential of wind and solar energy can be fully harnessed, offering a pragmatic solution to actively mitigate climate change and the issues faced in these regions.