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  4. Current Trends in the Use of Biomass in the Manufacture of Rigid Polyurethane Foams: A Review
 
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Current Trends in the Use of Biomass in the Manufacture of Rigid Polyurethane Foams: A Review

Type
Journal article
Language
English
Date issued
2024
Author
Dukarska, Dorota 
Mirski, Radosław 
Faculty
Wydział Leśny i Technologii Drewna
PBN discipline
forestry
Journal
Journal of Composites Science
ISSN
2504-477X
DOI
10.3390/jcs8080286
Web address
https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/8/8/286
Volume
8
Number
8
Pages from-to
art. 286
Abstract (EN)
This paper discusses methods of using biomass from the agriculture, forestry, food and aquaculture industries as potential raw materials for bio-polyols and as fillers in the production of rigid polyurethane (RPUR) foams. Various aspects of obtaining bio-polyols are discussed, as well as the impact of replacing petrochemical polyols with bio-polyols on the properties of foams. Special attention is paid to the conversion of vegetable oils and lignin. Another important aspect of the research is the use of biomass as foam fillers. Chemical and physical modifications are discussed, and important factors, such as the type and origin of biomass, particle size and amount, affecting the foaming process, microstructure and properties of RPUR foams are identified. The advantages and disadvantages of using biomass in foam production are described. It is found that bio-polyols can replace (at least partially) petrochemical polyols while maintaining the high insulation and strength of foams. In the case of the use of biomass as fillers, it is found that the shaping of their properties is largely dependent on the specific characteristics of the filler particles. This requires further research into process optimization but allows for the fine-tuning of RPUR foam properties to meet specific requirements.
Keywords (EN)
  • polyurethane foams

  • biomass processing methods

  • oil-based polyol

  • bio-polyol

  • bio-filler

License
cc-bycc-by CC-BY - Attribution
Open access date
July 23, 2024
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