Variability in Levels of Investment, Investment Subsidies, and Costs in Polish Farms Depending on the Type of Agricultural Production

Farm investments are defined as measures undertaken to develop agricultural production or enhance its competitiveness. Through investment activities, farms can manage their own development at the microeconomic level, while at the macroeconomic level, they contribute to ensuring an adequate supply of high-quality food. Therefore, it is essential to analyse the variability of investment levels, the amount of investment subsidies received, and farm costs. Using Poland as a case study is justified by the significant role of agriculture in the national economy and the continued extensive use of investment support under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). This study aimed to assess the variability of three investment-related parameters in Polish farms between 2007 and 2019, depending on the type of agricultural production.