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Effect of properties of technogenic soils developed from different lignite spoil heap materials on the growth of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L.
Effect of topography and properties of parent materials on organic carbon content in technosols of a post-mining lignite site
Zmiany w strukturze użytkowania terenu i degradacja gleb w wyniku działalności odkrywkowej w centralnej Polsce: studium przypadku gminy Kleczew
Celem pracy było określenie zmian w strukturze użytkowania gruntów oraz degradacji gleb na terenie gminy Kleczew w latach 1935–2017, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wpływu odkrywkowej eksploatacji węgla brunatnego. W pracy wykorzystano danekartograficzne z 1935 i 1970 roku oraz ewidencję gruntów z 2017 roku. Analizę przeprowadzono przy użyciu systemu GIS.W badanym okresie doszło do znacznego przekształcenia krajobrazu, szczególnie w południowej i centralnej części gminy, gdzie od lat 70-tych XX wieku działa kopalnia węgla brunatnego „Konin” (obecnie PAK KWB Konin S.A.). W okresie 1935-2017 nastąpił wyraźny spadek powierzchni gruntów ornych (z 9444 ha do 6990 ha) i użytków zielonych (z 731 ha do 371 ha),przy jednoczesnym wzroście powierzchni terenów zabudowanych (z 207 ha do 700 ha) oraz kopalnianych (do 980 ha w 2017 roku). Działalność kopalni doprowadziła do dewastacji 2046 ha gleb płowych, 404 ha czarnych ziem, 210 ha gleb organicznych i 198 ha gleb rdzawych. Gleby te charakteryzowały się głównie średnią i wysoką jakością dla prowadzenia produkcji rolniczej.Pomimo dewastacji naturalnie występujących gleb, KWB Konin prowadzi na analizowanym obszarze rekultywację rolniczą, na skutek której włączono ponownie do produkcji rolniczej 623 ha gleb antropogenicznych.
Effects of plant functional group and reclamation treatments on microbial networks and nutrient limitation in initial soil developed on spoil heaps after hard coal mining
Which Soil Properties Determine Tree Nutrient Supply in Extreme Technosol Conditions?
AbstractIn recent years, there has been an increased interest in the selection of tree species for their adaptation to difficult habitat conditions in post-mining areas. As global climate change can cause changes in the circulation of elements, it is vital to understand how soil and habitat conditions affect the mineral nutritional status of trees.The study compared the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content in the leaves of various tree species on different substrates created by mining activities. The research was carried out in stands growing on reclaimed post-mining soils composed of various parent materials, including sands, clays, and ashes. The factors influencing the N and P supply to trees in the designated parent material were investigated. The soil’s physicochemical properties were determined, and biochemical analyses were conducted. The tests performed showed that there were no differences in the N and P content in the leaves of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), black alder (Alnus glutinosa), and common birch (Larix decidua) growing on different substrates. The results confirmed a significant relationship between the mineral nutritional status of trees and the chemical (N, Mg2+, and K+) and biological (AcdPhoSP) properties of soils. The N supply was related to the contents of nitrogen total (Ntot) and exchangeable magnesium (Mg2+) in soils and to the specific activity of acid phosphatase (AcdPhoSP). The level of phosphorus (P) supply to the studied tree species growing on technogenic soils was shown to be a factor related to the activity of acid phosphatase (AcdPhoSP).
Long-term agricultural reclamation on the chemical properties of Technosols at lignite postmining site – efficiency of winter wheat and winter rape
Classification issues of drained organic soils in relation to selected features of soil water regime: A case study from central Poland
The effect of an extended agricultural reclamation on changes in physical properties of technosols in post-lignite-mining areas: A case study from central Europe
The Impact of the Method of Reclamation of the Coal Ash Dump from the “Adamów” Power Plant on the Survival, Viability, and Wood Quality of the Introduced Tree Species
The aim of this research was to determine the survival rate, dimensions, and wood quality of black locust, ash-leaf maple, common maple, and American ash introduced to the landfill of the “Adamów” Power Plant as part of the reclamation process. The experimental area consisted of 13 research plots. On the three plots where the trees were planted directly into the ash, the trees completely collapsed. As a result of this research, it was found that the black locust had the best survival rates, whereas the American ash had the worst. The black locust and ash-leaf maple reached larger sizes on the plots where the ashes were covered with a 50-centimetre layer of sewage sludge (S50) or with a 50-centimetre layer of clay (C50), while the common maple grew the largest on the plots where a 25-centimetre layer of sewage sludge (S25) was used. Our research shows that about 40% of the examined species of wood were of good quality (Q1, Q2), which in the future will make it possible to obtain sawmill raw material. On the other hand, lower quality wood (Q3, Q4), which accounted for over 50% of the assessed wood material, can be successfully used as a biomass for energy purposes.
Changes in Physical and Water Retention Properties of Technosols by Agricultural Reclamation with Wheat–Rapeseed Rotation in a Post-Mining Area of Central Poland
During opencast lignite mining, the natural landscape is damaged, along with soils, and new anthropogenic landforms are created which require reclamation. Usually, the evaluation of the effects of reclamation (mostly forestry) is concerned with changes in chemical properties in the first years, mainly in the surface horizon. This study analyzed the effect of long-term agricultural reclamation (43 years) on the physical and water retention properties of Technosols. The experiment involved cultivation of winter wheat and winter oilseed rape under 3 fertilization variants. After 43 years, an Ap horizon (Ap1 and Ap2) developed in fertilized Technosols, but was not clearly formed in unfertilized minesoil. In Ap1, there was improvement in the physical quality (S), bulk density (BD), particle density (PD), structural stability index (SI), soil porosity (SP), air-filled porosity (AFP), field capacity (FC) and plant available water capacity (PAWC). In Ap2, properties were comparable to those in the surface horizon of unfertilized Technosols and to those observed before reclamation. Regardless of fertilization, there was deterioration in physical quality in parent materials. In general, the properties of fertilized Technosols have improved in the surface horizons, but increasing fertilization above plant requirements does not lead to their further enhancement.