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Postawy młodych konsumentów mięsa wieprzowego w zakresie procesów jego produkcji oraz właściwości zdrowotnych
For years, pork has been one of the most popular types of meat consumed in Poland, due in part to the long tradition of pig farming and pork processing. The aim of the study was to identify and describe the attitudes of young adults from Generation Z towards pork consumption. The study addressed the following questions: What type of meat consumers are young adults from Generation Z? What factors guide their purchasing decisions regarding pork? Which elements of meat-related advertising messages, consistent with the principles of communication ethics, attract their attention the most? Given the specific characteristics of this generation (as “trying consumers”), identified through a literature review and a questionnaire survey, particular emphasis was placed on the structure of advertising messages about meat. Attention was also directed toward messages free from so-called greenwashing, i.e., pseudo-ecological marketing, by conducting a visual analysis of labels provided by meat producers operating within antibiotic-free farming systems. The findings confirmed the pro-ecological orientation of Generation Z young adults. The study showed that they focus not only on the appearance of the product, but above all on the advertising slogan “from antibiotic-free, GMO-free farming”, which highlights the importance of ecological messaging as a key element that captures their attention.
The Role of Talent Management in the Growth of Agribusiness: The Case of Agri-Food Companies in Wielkopolskie Voivodeship
Exploring the Patterns of Recreational Activity among Urban Green Spaces in Poland
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the socio-demographic background, patterns of recreational activity, and their impact on mood regulation strategies used by urban green spaces (UGS) visitors in Poland. In our research approach, we collected data from 376 participants through an online survey. In the next step, we developed structural equation models: one general model and two additional models for men and women. We discovered that both socio-demographic characteristics, as well as the variety of visited green spaces impact people’s mood regulation strategies. In our research approach, latent variable places that consists of different types of green spaces is the key concept that positively affect mood regulation strategies; visiting more places reduces the tendency to decrease mood and increases the tendency to increase mood. Moreover, we identified some important gender similarities and differences. There is causation between the types of leisure activity and the frequency of a leisure activity among men and women. However, in the case of women, the frequency of a leisure activity is positively associated with the tendency to increase mood; in the case of men, the association is negative. The research results provide a deeper insight into of the patterns of green leisure that shape the subjective well-being of urban green space visitors in Poland.
Visual Attention to Food Bank Posters: Insights from an Exploratory Eye-Tracking Study
This exploratory eye-tracking study investigates how the emotional content of food bank advertisements influences food donor perception and visual attention. It does so by addressing a gap in the literature on eye-tracking applications in food donation contexts and social neuroscience. Visual attention represents a fundamental behavioural precursor to decision-making, yet its role in charitable communications remains underexplored. The objective of this research was to investigate how the content of food bank advertisements is associated with the way that potential food donors perceive food bank posters on a cognitive level. This study adopted a social neuroscience approach, using the methodology of eye-tracking to examine the visual attention patterns that form while viewing food bank posters. Participants (N = 96) viewed four posters varying in their emotional appeal, i.e., positive, neutral, negative and cognitive dissonance, while their eye movements were being recorded. Results revealed the robust attentional prioritisation of generic pictorial content over specific organisational logos or abstract symbols across all metrics and posters with large effect sizes (r = 0.69–0.87). It was found that pictures captured participants’ attention three to seven times faster than logos and also received two to seven times more fixations. The poster carrying a negative appeal elicited the strongest pictorial advantage, consistent with the negativity bias in attention allocation. Exploratory analysis found no significant correlation between participants’ past charitable behaviour and visual attention patterns, thus suggesting that the Picture Superiority Effect operates universally, regardless of individual past charitable behaviours. This is the first eye-tracking study examining donor-facing food bank communications in Poland, contributing to social neuroscience approaches in prosocial behaviour research. Findings suggest charitable organisations should prioritise emotionally engaging pictures’ inclusion over logo prominence in their visual communications messaging.
Psychosocial Determinants of Recreational Activity within Urban Green Spaces during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland
Role of Visual Speech Cues (Cued Speech) in Foreign Language Learning by Hearing School-Age Children
In this study, we aimed to determine the role of visual speech cues in the process of foreign language learning by hearing school-age children. Our experiments used Cued Speech, a method designed for people who are deaf or hard of hearing. We expected that the principles of the method might also be beneficial for people with normal hearing because they may help distinguish the sounds of foreign speech that are difficult to hear. This study mainly focused on the effects of speech perception. We tested 126 Polish junior high school students (66 girls and 60 boys) with a normal range of phonemic hearing and language aptitude. We envisaged that foreign language learners using visual speech cues would achieve a higher score on a test of foreign language than learners who had studied the language in the traditional manner. We also formulated a hypothesis concerning the interaction of training type and training conditions on the effectiveness of foreign language learning: that the difference in the effects of foreign language learning between participants who received visual or executive training and typical training would be more significant in the presence of auditory distractors than in their absence. We observed interactions between conditions and types of training for speech sound identification. Under conditions of auditory distraction, foreign language learners using Cued Speech scored significantly higher than learners who had traditional training.