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Factors shaping teenagers and young adults’ approach to hunting - a review of the literature
Hunting is an important element in the protection of the natural environment and biodiversity. Demographic changes and people’s distance from nature are causing society to polarize their perception of hunting. Some have ‘’Bambi Syndrome’’ and others so-called ‘’Nature Deficit disorder’’. Factors shaping attitude toward hunting are: sex, age and place of residence: girls and city based children are generally against hunting. Future of wildlife management models largely depends on the attitudes of people towards it in the coming decades. This attitudes are shaping by many different factors but it is lack of knowledge about it. For this purpose, the attitude of young people to hunting should be thoroughly and multidimensionally examined.
Involvement of local and non-local hunters in the tasks of the hunting club as exemplified by WKŁ 294 Hubertus in Bydgoszcz in the period of time before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Metale ciężkie a zbiorowiska roztoczy glebowych pod drzewostanami sosnowymi na terenach skażonych
Influence of Heat Treatment and Lactic Acid Fermentation on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Pumpkin Juice
Pumpkin is a highly nutritious plant, rich in valuable nutrients that benefit human health. Due to the high perishability of this fruit, the production of pumpkin juice is a practical way to use it effectively. Recently, fermented vegetable juices have been used as a dairy alternative due to their nutritional and potential probiotic properties. This study investigated the fermentation of pumpkin juice using different strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), with and without heat treatment. The effects of fermentation on microbial growth, pH, acidity, extract, sugars, carotenoids, polyphenols, and antioxidant properties were analyzed. The heat-treatment process did not greatly impact the dry matter content, pH, acidity, extract, or sugar content. However, it led to a reduction in carotenoid and polyphenol levels. During fermentation, there was a consistent decrease in pH and an increase in total acidity, with no noticeable differences between bacterial strains regarding their influence on these parameters. The study revealed that there were no distinctions between LAB strains in their effects on pH, acidity, and carotenoid content in fermented pumpkin juice. Nonetheless, both L. sakei and L. plantarum proved to be effective in the fermentation process, with L. sakei demonstrating greater adaptability. The expected pH, acidity, and sugar content changes were consistently observed throughout the fermentation process. Overall, results confirm the efficacy of the used Lactobacillus strains in fermenting pumpkin juice and highlight the potential impact of heat treatment on the nutritional composition of the juice. The purpose of thermal processing of pumpkin juice, which is conducted with lactic acid fermentation, is crucial for the food industry. It extends the product’s shelf life, improves its nutritional and taste profiles, and guarantees its microbiological safety.
Dependence of Lyme disease incidence in children on environmental factors in Wielkopolska Province (West-Central Poland)
Complex population genetic structure of the bark beetle predator Thanasimus formicarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Cleridae) across its European range
Abstract Thanasimus formicarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Cleridae) is an important bark beetle predator and can reduce bark beetle population densities of some of the most severe forest pests in Europe. We analysed the population genetics and phylogeography of T. formicarius across its European range, using mitochondrial COI data from 187 individuals sampled from 23 locations. Our extensive sampling from the Fennoscandian to the Mediterranean region and from Iberia to the Middle East provides insights into the genetic structure of T. formicarius. We found a high genetic diversity, revealing 119 haplotypes across the sampling range. Two main clades, an Atlantic and a Continental, were identified, suggesting the presence of at least two glacial refugia during the last ice ages. An isolated population was discovered on the island of Corsica, suggesting that a limited number of individuals, probably from mainland France, may have colonized Corsica and a founder effect occurred. These findings increase our understanding of the recent evolutionary history of T. formicarius, which was shaped by Pleistocene events and certain species‐specific life‐history traits.
