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Effects of a ketogenic diet on the anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

cris.lastimport.scopus2025-10-23T06:55:28Z
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0003-1996-5198
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-2268-9326
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0001-7367-9120
cris.virtual.author-orcid#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid1ccb8edd-cf11-49a4-bd1c-af5fd753fdc7
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid190a1224-971b-4b6e-a791-aa08ba93ca89
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid964f07c7-daee-4dea-80f5-0d05dc86444e
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
dc.abstract.enBackground. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition that affects up to 15% of women of reproductive age. Recently, the ketogenic diet (KD) has gained popularity in the treatment of PCOS. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of KD on changes in body weight, glycaemic control, lipid parameters, and reproductive hormone levels among women with PCOS. Materials and methods. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched to identify RCTs examining the effects of KD (very low caloric ketogenic diet [VLCKD] and low caloric ketogenic diet [LCKD]) on anthropometric, metabolic and hormonal parameters in women with PCOS through March 2025. Five RCTs involving 313 patients with PCOS were included in this systematic review. Results. Three studies reported changes in anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal parameters following a VLCKD compared to a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet, while two RCTs compared an LCKD to a typical diet. Pooled findings indicated that several anthropometric (body weight index [BMI], and waist circumfer­ence [WC]), metabolic (fasting plasma glucose [FPG], insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), and hormonal (luteinizing hormone [LH], sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG]) parameters significantly decreased following KD intervention. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed that VLCKD significantly improved BMI, FPG, total cholesterol (TC), low-density cholesterol (LDL), high- -density cholesterol (HDL), and LH, while LCKD significantly improved LDL, HDL and LH. Conclusion. A VLCKD appears effective in improving select anthropometric and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. However, larger and longer-duration RCTs are needed to evaluate the long-term safe­ty and efficacy of KD in relation to weight loss, cardiometabolic health, and hormonal regulation in this population.
dc.affiliationWydział Nauk o Żywności i Żywieniu
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Żywienia Człowieka i Dietetyki
dc.contributor.authorŁagowska, Karolina
dc.contributor.authorBajerska, Joanna
dc.contributor.authorPieczyńska-Zając, Joanna Maria
dc.contributor.authorPtaszyńska, Dagmara
dc.date.access2025-10-03
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-03T11:41:01Z
dc.date.available2025-10-03T11:41:01Z
dc.date.copyright2025-03-25
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if0,8
dc.description.number3
dc.description.points40
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume24
dc.identifier.doi10.17306/J.AFS.001327
dc.identifier.eissn1898-9594
dc.identifier.issn1644-0730
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/5177
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.food.actapol.net/volume24/issue3/abstract-5.html
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofActa Scientiarum Polonorum, Technologia Alimentaria
dc.relation.pages359-374
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudsend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enpolycystic ovary syndrome
dc.subject.enketogenic diet
dc.subject.ennutrition
dc.subject.envery low-calorie ketogenic diet
dc.subject.enlow-calorie ketogenic diet
dc.titleEffects of a ketogenic diet on the anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication