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Modification of methacrylate bone cement with eugenol – A new material with antibacterial properties

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dc.abstract.enNowadays, the search for unconventional antibacterial agents is very common. One of them may be eugenol (EU) (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol), which exhibits antimicrobial properties against pathogenic bacteria and is used in the pharmaceutical industry. Owing to its structure, EU decreases the exotherm of polymerization without a negative impact on the degree of conversion. The properties of EU-modified bone cement, such as doughing time, maximum temperature, and setting time, will be characterized, as well as mechanical properties, EU release, and antibacterial properties. Bone cements were synthesized by mixing a powder phase composed of two commercially available methacrylate copolymers (Evonic) and a liquid phase containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and EU with an amount of 0.5 wt% of bone cement sample. As an initiating system, benzoyl peroxide and N,N-dimethylaniline were used. Samples were prepared with various amounts of the initiating system. The doughing time, maximum temperature (T max), setting temperature (T set), setting time (t set), and compressive strength tests were determined according to the ISO 5833:2002 standard requirements. The doughing time for bone cement depends on the amount of the initiating system. The maximum temperature during curing of bone cement is very low; however, the setting time is closer to the upper limit set by the standard. The compressive strength of the tested materials is good and significantly exceeds the requirements of the standard. EU release was very high and ranged from around 43–62% after 168 h. Moreover, antibacterial studies show that the tested bone cements are bacteriostatic for Staphylococcus aureus or and Escherichia coil strains. In summary, modified bone cements meet the ISO 5833:2002 standard requirements in all parameters and are characterized by good mechanical properties (similar to or higher than commercial bone cement), high EU release, and bacteriostatic properties.
dc.affiliationWydział Nauk o Żywności i Żywieniu
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Fizyki i Biofizyki
dc.contributor.authorPrzesławski, Grzegorz
dc.contributor.authorSzcześniak, Katarzyna
dc.contributor.authorGrześkowiak, Bartosz
dc.contributor.authorMazzaglia, Antonino
dc.contributor.authorJarzębski, Maciej
dc.contributor.authorNiewczas, Agata
dc.contributor.authorKuczyński, Paweł
dc.contributor.authorZarębska-Mróz, Aneta
dc.contributor.authorMarcinkowska, Agnieszka
dc.date.access2025-05-13
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-13T07:37:54Z
dc.date.available2025-08-13T07:37:54Z
dc.date.copyright2024-03-08
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstract<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Nowadays, the search for unconventional antibacterial agents is very common. One of them may be eugenol (EU) (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol), which exhibits antimicrobial properties against pathogenic bacteria and is used in the pharmaceutical industry. Owing to its structure, EU decreases the exotherm of polymerization without a negative impact on the degree of conversion. The properties of EU-modified bone cement, such as doughing time, maximum temperature, and setting time, will be characterized, as well as mechanical properties, EU release, and antibacterial properties. Bone cements were synthesized by mixing a powder phase composed of two commercially available methacrylate copolymers (Evonic) and a liquid phase containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and EU with an amount of 0.5 wt% of bone cement sample. As an initiating system, benzoyl peroxide and <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>,<jats:italic>N</jats:italic>-dimethylaniline were used. Samples were prepared with various amounts of the initiating system. The doughing time, maximum temperature (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic> <jats:sub>max</jats:sub>), setting temperature (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic> <jats:sub>set</jats:sub>), setting time (<jats:italic>t</jats:italic> <jats:sub>set</jats:sub>), and compressive strength tests were determined according to the ISO 5833:2002 standard requirements. The doughing time for bone cement depends on the amount of the initiating system. The maximum temperature during curing of bone cement is very low; however, the setting time is closer to the upper limit set by the standard. The compressive strength of the tested materials is good and significantly exceeds the requirements of the standard. EU release was very high and ranged from around 43–62% after 168 h. Moreover, antibacterial studies show that the tested bone cements are bacteriostatic for <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic> or and <jats:italic>Escherichia coil</jats:italic> strains. In summary, modified bone cements meet the ISO 5833:2002 standard requirements in all parameters and are characterized by good mechanical properties (similar to or higher than commercial bone cement), high EU release, and bacteriostatic properties.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if3,9
dc.description.number1
dc.description.points100
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume63
dc.identifier.doi10.1515/rams-2023-0171
dc.identifier.eissn1605-8127
dc.identifier.issn1606-5131
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/4167
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/rams-2023-0171/html
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofReviews on Advanced Materials Science
dc.relation.pagesart. 20230171
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudsend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enbone cement
dc.subject.enantibacterial agents
dc.subject.eneugenol
dc.subject.endrug release
dc.subject.enantibacterial properties
dc.titleModification of methacrylate bone cement with eugenol – A new material with antibacterial properties
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.volume63