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Biocontrol of Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beet by a novel Bacillus velezensis KT27 strain: Enhanced antifungal activity and growth promotion in laboratory and field conditions

cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-6095-3167
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-0698-3808
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-4580-354X
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-2584-9911
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0003-1470-7026
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cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0001-5387-990X
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cris.virtualsource.author-orcidd580fec6-bbe3-4b0a-bc14-1d11cdac2fb6
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid40b1ae89-2197-4059-8c15-4c792dc04582
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid897f1035-fcd0-4882-9b40-77273ff2fd96
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid059a7097-c104-45fb-9494-ddc2ec07112a
cris.virtualsource.author-orcidef3ba40f-48c3-4890-9ae0-eb39c599191a
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dc.abstract.enDiseases in crops are a major contributor to yield reduction and economic losses. Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by Cercospora beticola, is among the most severe diseases affecting sugar beet and other crops. The increasing resistance of C. beticola to conventional chemical fungicides, along with their excessive application, exacerbates environmental pollution. This study investigates the antagonistic activity of a newly isolated strain, Bacillus velezensis KT27, against Cercospora beticola, Rhizoctonia cerealis, and Fusarium oxysporum under laboratory conditions. The bacterium’s ability to produce lipopeptides (surfactin, iturin, and fengycin) and solubilize phosphorus, potassium, and zinc was also assessed. In vitro assays revealed that B. velezensis KT27 effectively inhibited C. beticola growth (60.2%), though it exhibited lower antagonistic activity against R. cerealis (22.5%) and F. oxysporum (15.5%). The elimination of bacterial biomass by centrifugation and the use of sterile supernatant reduced antifungal activity by more than 3.5-fold for all tested fungi, highlighting the importance of direct bacterial interactions. Notably, the antagonistic effect of B. velezensis KT27 against C. beticola significantly increased when bacterial cultures were supplemented with thermally inactivated fungal biomass of C. beticola especially R. cerealis. Field experiments demonstrated the high efficacy of B. velezensis KT27 biological control agent, particularly when induced by R. cerealis. The level of CLS protection achieved with the bacterial treatment was only 9.1% lower than that obtained using a combination of three chemical fungicides. Additionally, the biocontrol agent positively influenced sugar beet growth, leading to a root yield increase of up to 15.2% compared to the untreated control. These findings highlight the potential of B. velezensis KT27 as an effective and environmentally sustainable biocontrol agent against CLS in sugar beet cultivation.
dc.affiliationWydział Nauk o Żywności i Żywieniu
dc.affiliationWydział Rolnictwa, Ogrodnictwa i Biotechnologii
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Biotechnologii i Mikrobiologii Żywności
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Agronomii
dc.contributor.authorWita, Agnieszka
dc.contributor.authorBiałas, Wojciech
dc.contributor.authorCzaczyk, Katarzyna
dc.contributor.authorDrożdżyńska, Agnieszka
dc.contributor.authorSobiech, Łukasz
dc.contributor.authorGrzanka, Monika
dc.contributor.authorDanielewicz, Jakub
dc.contributor.authorJajor, Ewa
dc.contributor.authorHoroszkiewicz, Joanna
dc.contributor.authorMarecik, Roman
dc.date.access2025-07-02
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-02T11:33:47Z
dc.date.available2025-07-02T11:33:47Z
dc.date.copyright2025-05-30
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>Diseases in crops are a major contributor to yield reduction and economic losses. Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by <jats:italic>Cercospora beticola</jats:italic>, is among the most severe diseases affecting sugar beet and other crops. The increasing resistance of <jats:italic>C. beticola</jats:italic> to conventional chemical fungicides, along with their excessive application, exacerbates environmental pollution. This study investigates the antagonistic activity of a newly isolated strain, <jats:italic>Bacillus velezensis</jats:italic> KT27, against <jats:italic>Cercospora beticola</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Rhizoctonia cerealis</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum</jats:italic> under laboratory conditions. The bacterium’s ability to produce lipopeptides (surfactin, iturin, and fengycin) and solubilize phosphorus, potassium, and zinc was also assessed. In vitro assays revealed that <jats:italic>B. velezensis</jats:italic> KT27 effectively inhibited <jats:italic>C. beticola</jats:italic> growth (60.2%), though it exhibited lower antagonistic activity against <jats:italic>R. cerealis</jats:italic> (22.5%) and <jats:italic>F. oxysporum</jats:italic> (15.5%). The elimination of bacterial biomass by centrifugation and the use of sterile supernatant reduced antifungal activity by more than 3.5-fold for all tested fungi, highlighting the importance of direct bacterial interactions. Notably, the antagonistic effect of <jats:italic>B. velezensis</jats:italic> KT27 against <jats:italic>C. beticola</jats:italic> significantly increased when bacterial cultures were supplemented with thermally inactivated fungal biomass of <jats:italic>C. beticola</jats:italic> especially <jats:italic>R. cerealis</jats:italic>. Field experiments demonstrated the high efficacy of <jats:italic>B. velezensis</jats:italic> KT27 biological control agent, particularly when induced by <jats:italic>R. cerealis</jats:italic>. The level of CLS protection achieved with the bacterial treatment was only 9.1% lower than that obtained using a combination of three chemical fungicides. Additionally, the biocontrol agent positively influenced sugar beet growth, leading to a root yield increase of up to 15.2% compared to the untreated control. These findings highlight the potential of <jats:italic>B. velezensis</jats:italic> KT27 as an effective and environmentally sustainable biocontrol agent against CLS in sugar beet cultivation.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if2,6
dc.description.number5
dc.description.points100
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume20
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0323889
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/3806
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0323889
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofPLoS ONE
dc.relation.pagese0323889
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudsend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.titleBiocontrol of Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beet by a novel Bacillus velezensis KT27 strain: Enhanced antifungal activity and growth promotion in laboratory and field conditions
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue5
oaire.citation.volume20