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An Analysis of the Physicochemical and Energy Parameters of Briquettes Manufactured from Sewage Sludge Mixtures and Selected Organic Additives

cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0001-9954-825X
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-2610-6116
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0001-6775-8076
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-7750-9265
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-2662-0115
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cris.virtualsource.author-orcid3cdb61fd-4393-4d6f-8ebb-5b044a34bc3d
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid7ed2fddc-9c67-4788-8dfb-b9407163a844
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid707fb735-4583-475a-9060-93d1d05b6030
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid723cb16b-5343-4f7e-a53a-308ccdb5aae2
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid647f0060-b4a4-47cb-a029-6d7b162f286b
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid313550a2-b79f-4824-abd8-2186f7311fb7
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dc.abstract.enAs a by-product of wastewater treatment, sewage sludge can be used for natural, agricultural, or energy purposes. One method of preparing sludge for management and use is solar drying. To intensify the drying process, natural additives can be used to alter the structure of the sludge and accelerate the evaporation of water. This research aimed to evaluate the influences of different organic additives in sewage sludge mixtures on the physicochemical and energy parameters of briquettes. This research was carried out without thermal boosting in a 4 × 2.5 × 2 m plastic tunnel. The tunnel was equipped with three drying stations and control and measuring equipment. In two test series, sludge additives in the form of straw and lignocellulosic materials, sawdust, bark, woodchips, and walnut shells, were used. Briquettes were made from the resulting mixtures and then subjected to physical and chemical analyses. This research showed high variability in the contents of trace elements, nitrogen, and sulphur in relation to an increase in the amount of sludge in the briquettes, which, for the briquettes made from sewage sludge, was nearly twice as high as for the briquettes made from the mixtures. The results of the flue gas analysis for the briquettes with sawdust and wood chip additives were very similar. The briquettes made from sewage sludge with lignocellulosic materials (bark and wood chips) had fuel properties similar to woody biomass, with a calorific value and heat of combustion of 15–16 MJ/kg. Fibrous additives (straw) significantly increased the strength parameters of the briquettes, by more than 50% of the value. The compositions and properties of the mixtures affected the following briquetting parameters: temperature and compressive force. The briquettes made from sewage sludge and additives can be classified according to ISO 21640 as SRFs (solid recovered fuels). In most of the results, the net calorific value (NCV) was 3 to 4; the chlorine content (CL) was 2 to 1; and the mercury content (Hg) was 1. The sewage sludge mixtures facilitated the agricultural and energy use of the briquettes.
dc.affiliationWydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Inżynierii Mechanicznej
dc.affiliationWydział Rolnictwa, Ogrodnictwa i Biotechnologii
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Inżynierii Wodnej i Sanitarnej
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Inżynierii Biosystemów
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Warzywnictwa
dc.contributor.authorKujawiak, Sebastian
dc.contributor.authorMakowska, Małgorzata
dc.contributor.authorJanczak, Damian
dc.contributor.authorCzekała, Wojciech
dc.contributor.authorKrzesiński, Włodzimierz
dc.contributor.authorAntonowicz, Ariel
dc.contributor.authorKupryaniuk, Karol
dc.date.access2024-12-09
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-09T11:53:42Z
dc.date.available2024-12-09T11:53:42Z
dc.date.copyright2024-09-12
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>As a by-product of wastewater treatment, sewage sludge can be used for natural, agricultural, or energy purposes. One method of preparing sludge for management and use is solar drying. To intensify the drying process, natural additives can be used to alter the structure of the sludge and accelerate the evaporation of water. This research aimed to evaluate the influences of different organic additives in sewage sludge mixtures on the physicochemical and energy parameters of briquettes. This research was carried out without thermal boosting in a 4 × 2.5 × 2 m plastic tunnel. The tunnel was equipped with three drying stations and control and measuring equipment. In two test series, sludge additives in the form of straw and lignocellulosic materials, sawdust, bark, woodchips, and walnut shells, were used. Briquettes were made from the resulting mixtures and then subjected to physical and chemical analyses. This research showed high variability in the contents of trace elements, nitrogen, and sulphur in relation to an increase in the amount of sludge in the briquettes, which, for the briquettes made from sewage sludge, was nearly twice as high as for the briquettes made from the mixtures. The results of the flue gas analysis for the briquettes with sawdust and wood chip additives were very similar. The briquettes made from sewage sludge with lignocellulosic materials (bark and wood chips) had fuel properties similar to woody biomass, with a calorific value and heat of combustion of 15–16 MJ/kg. Fibrous additives (straw) significantly increased the strength parameters of the briquettes, by more than 50% of the value. The compositions and properties of the mixtures affected the following briquetting parameters: temperature and compressive force. The briquettes made from sewage sludge and additives can be classified according to ISO 21640 as SRFs (solid recovered fuels). In most of the results, the net calorific value (NCV) was 3 to 4; the chlorine content (CL) was 2 to 1; and the mercury content (Hg) was 1. The sewage sludge mixtures facilitated the agricultural and energy use of the briquettes.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if3,0
dc.description.number18
dc.description.points140
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume17
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/en17184573
dc.identifier.issn1996-1073
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/2184
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/18/4573
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofEnergies
dc.relation.pagesart. 4573
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudsend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.ensolar drying
dc.subject.enbriquetting
dc.subject.ensewage sludge
dc.subject.encircular economy
dc.subject.enwaste management
dc.titleAn Analysis of the Physicochemical and Energy Parameters of Briquettes Manufactured from Sewage Sludge Mixtures and Selected Organic Additives
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue18
oaire.citation.volume17