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Has food security in the EU countries worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic? Analysis of physical and economic access to food

cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-5441-6381
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cris.virtualsource.author-orcid33947c22-02c6-486f-ac3b-b6c70394a08a
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dc.abstract.enThe aim of the paper is to provide an ex-post assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food insecurity in the EU-27 countries expressed by physical and economic food access. We analysed trade and price effects, together with food insecurity and malnutrition indicators. Actual levels of the indicators were compared with their pre-pandemic magnitudes and/or with counterfactual levels derived from predictive models. We also aimed to compare the objective statistics with the subjective consumers’ perception of their households’ food security. Our research indicates that the EU food trade was more resilient to COVID-19 impacts than the trade in non-food products, while food trade decreases were of a temporary nature. This did not affect the trade balance significantly; however, the import reduction threatened the physical food access in most EU countries. Regarding economic food access, the results indicate that the increase in food prices was offset by the increase in disposable income. It may suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly affect the deterioration of economic access to food in the EU countries. However, the prevalence of severe food insecurity in the total population or the proportion of households reporting inability to afford a meal with meat, chicken, fish, or a vegetarian equivalent increased in 2020–2021 compared to 2019. This means that the comparative analysis of the real data on prices and households’ income, as well as consumer financial situation and food consumption affordability, does not offer a clear answer concerning the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the food security of EU households.
dc.affiliationKatedra Ekonomii
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Ekonomii i Polityki Gospodarczej w Agrobiznesie
dc.contributor.authorPawlak, Karolina
dc.contributor.authorMalak-Rawlikowska, Agata
dc.contributor.authorHamulczuk, Mariusz
dc.contributor.authorSkrzypczyk, Marta
dc.date.access2025-08-07
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-07T12:37:17Z
dc.date.available2025-08-07T12:37:17Z
dc.date.copyright2024-04-17
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>The aim of the paper is to provide an ex-post assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food insecurity in the EU-27 countries expressed by physical and economic food access. We analysed trade and price effects, together with food insecurity and malnutrition indicators. Actual levels of the indicators were compared with their pre-pandemic magnitudes and/or with counterfactual levels derived from predictive models. We also aimed to compare the objective statistics with the subjective consumers’ perception of their households’ food security. Our research indicates that the EU food trade was more resilient to COVID-19 impacts than the trade in non-food products, while food trade decreases were of a temporary nature. This did not affect the trade balance significantly; however, the import reduction threatened the physical food access in most EU countries. Regarding economic food access, the results indicate that the increase in food prices was offset by the increase in disposable income. It may suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly affect the deterioration of economic access to food in the EU countries. However, the prevalence of severe food insecurity in the total population or the proportion of households reporting inability to afford a meal with meat, chicken, fish, or a vegetarian equivalent increased in 2020–2021 compared to 2019. This means that the comparative analysis of the real data on prices and households’ income, as well as consumer financial situation and food consumption affordability, does not offer a clear answer concerning the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the food security of EU households.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if2,6
dc.description.number4
dc.description.points100
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume19
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0302072
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/4109
dc.identifier.weblinkhttp://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0302072
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofPLoS ONE
dc.relation.pagese0302072
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudsend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.titleHas food security in the EU countries worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic? Analysis of physical and economic access to food
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.volume19