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Yearlong fluctuations of vitamin D status, intake, and health outcomes in university students: A prospective longitudinal study

cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-9030-1805
cris.virtual.author-orcid#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-2045-0709
cris.virtualsource.author-orcidd9cad178-0d31-4dd0-a418-60d6ed7cfa5d
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid20ac3fe1-f398-4ef7-ab0b-a6a20460f69f
dc.abstract.enThis longitudinal observational study examined changes in serum 25(OH)D concentration, C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, vitamin D intake, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and body composition in university students across an academic year. Methods: Participants (n = 49) completed four assessments (in October, January, March, and July) that included blood sampling for 25(OH)D, CRP, leptin and cortisol measurements, body composition via plethysmography, questionnaires, and cognitive testing. Results: Most students had insufficient 25(OH)D concentrations. Supplementation increased 25(OH)D only after three months, with levels declining when supplementation decreased. Vitamin D intake correlated with 25(OH)D concentration. CRP peaked in March despite the greatest frequency of infections occurring in January. Percent fat mass decreased from January to March, and fat-free mass (kg) was higher in March and July than in October and January. Cortisol concentration was the highest in October. Cognitive performance improved after October, while depressive symptoms were greatest in October. No significant associations were observed between 25(OH)D and CRP, body composition, cognition, and depression. Despite a significantly higher vitamin D intake in CYP2R1 rs10741657 GG homozygotes (58.0 ± 43.0 µg/day vs. 25.3 ± 34.6 µg/day, p = 0.0081) than in AG + AA genotypes, no significant differences in 25(OH)D concentrations were observed between these genotypes. Conclusions: University students were at risk of low vitamin D status throughout the year; only sustained supplementation led to an effective increase in 25(OH)D concentrations. CYP2R1 GG homozygotes may require higher intake levels of vitamin D in order to achieve comparable 25(OH)D concentrations to those with AG + AA genotypes.
dc.affiliationWydział Nauk o Żywności i Żywieniu
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Żywienia Człowieka i Dietetyki
dc.contributor.authorZawieja, Emilia
dc.contributor.authorBykowska-Derda, Joanna
dc.contributor.authorChmurzyńska, Agata
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-05T08:57:32Z
dc.date.available2026-02-05T08:57:32Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.number[15 January 2026]
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.nut.2026.113111
dc.identifier.eissn1873-1244
dc.identifier.issn0899-9007
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/7166
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofNutrition
dc.relation.pagesart. 113111
dc.rightsClosedAccess
dc.sciencecloudnosend
dc.subject.envitamin D
dc.subject.en25(OH)D
dc.subject.enCYP2R1
dc.subject.encognition
dc.subject.endepression
dc.subtypeArticleEarlyAccess
dc.titleYearlong fluctuations of vitamin D status, intake, and health outcomes in university students: A prospective longitudinal study
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication