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Enhancing Apple Orchard Productivity through Biochar and Fertilizer Amendments: A Soil Aggregation Study

cris.virtual.author-orcid#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-0102-0084
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid51a5a68b-106b-4e9d-bd9b-79d15d3ec0c1
dc.abstract.enThe declining productivity of apple trees can be attributed to the adverse effects of unbalanced climatic conditions and dynamic soil properties. Addressing these challenges through sustainable agricultural practices is crucial to improving apple orchard productivity and ensuring a resilient agricultural system. To enhance the function of fragile ecosystem services, the addition of biochar at an appropriate rate along with chemical fertilizers (NPK) is considered an efficient approach for improving apple trees productivity. The treatments combinations were 0 t ha-1 (Ck), 4 t ha-1 (T1), 8 t ha-1 (T2), 12 t ha-1 (T3), 16 t ha-1 (T4), and 20 t ha-1 (T5). Our results demonstrated that, biochar addition rate in the T5 significantly increased macro-aggregates (WSAs > 0.25 mm), mean weight diameter (MWD) and therefore decreased micro-aggregates (WSAs < 0.25 mm) compare to the control. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (T.N) in both the bulk soil and water stable aggregates (WSAs) showed similar and an increased trend with biochar addition rate. However, the trend of C:N ratio was in opposition with biochar addition rate for both the bulk soil and WSAs. Additionally, biochar addition rate (T5) significantly intensified partitioning proportion (%) of the SOC, and T.N in WSAs > 0.25 mm, and WSAs < 0.25 mm and therefore showed non significance differences for the others treatments. Such a partitioning proportion of the WSAs 0.5-0.25 mm were lower than the WSAs > 0.5 mm and WSAs < 0.25 mm. These results suggested that biochar addition rate (T5) with chemical fertilizer had a significant effect on the stability of aggregates associated SOC, T.N, and C:N ratio and it may also have a capability in optimizing partitioning proportion (%) of the SOC and T.N in WSAs > 0.25 mm. Thus, it is therefore suggested that biochar addition rate (T5) with chemical fertilizers is the best preference for the stability and optimization of the aggregate associated SOC and T.N which may enhance partitioning proportion (%) of the SOC and T.N in an apple growing soil.
dc.affiliationWydział Rolnictwa, Ogrodnictwa i Biotechnologii
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Metod Matematycznych i Statystycznych
dc.contributor.authorShakir, Azaz
dc.contributor.authorBocianowski, Jan
dc.date.access2023-12-15
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-01T07:04:01Z
dc.date.available2025-09-01T07:04:01Z
dc.date.copyright2023-12-15
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>The declining productivity of apple trees can be attributed to the adverse effects of unbalanced climatic conditions and dynamic soil properties. Addressing these challenges through sustainable agricultural practices is crucial to improving apple orchard productivity and ensuring a resilient agricultural system. To enhance the function of fragile ecosystem services, the addition of biochar at an appropriate rate along with chemical fertilizers (NPK) is considered an efficient approach for improving apple trees productivity. The treatments combinations were 0 t ha-1 (Ck), 4 t ha-1 (T1), 8 t ha-1 (T2), 12 t ha-1 (T3), 16 t ha-1 (T4), and 20 t ha-1 (T5). Our results demonstrated that, biochar addition rate in the T5 significantly increased macro-aggregates (WSAs &gt; 0.25 mm), mean weight diameter (MWD) and therefore decreased micro-aggregates (WSAs &lt; 0.25 mm) compare to the control. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (T.N) in both the bulk soil and water stable aggregates (WSAs) showed similar and an increased trend with biochar addition rate. However, the trend of C:N ratio was in opposition with biochar addition rate for both the bulk soil and WSAs. Additionally, biochar addition rate (T5) significantly intensified partitioning proportion (%) of the SOC, and T.N in WSAs &gt; 0.25 mm, and WSAs &lt; 0.25 mm and therefore showed non significance differences for the others treatments. Such a partitioning proportion of the WSAs 0.5-0.25 mm were lower than the WSAs &gt; 0.5 mm and WSAs &lt; 0.25 mm. These results suggested that biochar addition rate (T5) with chemical fertilizer had a significant effect on the stability of aggregates associated SOC, T.N, and C:N ratio and it may also have a capability in optimizing partitioning proportion (%) of the SOC and T.N in WSAs &gt; 0.25 mm. Thus, it is therefore suggested that biochar addition rate (T5) with chemical fertilizers is the best preference for the stability and optimization of the aggregate associated SOC and T.N which may enhance partitioning proportion (%) of the SOC and T.N in an apple growing soil.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.number2
dc.description.points5
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume2
dc.identifier.doi10.56946/jspae.v2i2.277
dc.identifier.issn2957-9082
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/4544
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/15/5272
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationagriculture and horticulture
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Soil, Plant and Environment
dc.relation.pages80-94
dc.rightsCC-BY-NC-ND
dc.sciencecloudsend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enbiochar
dc.subject.enapple orchards
dc.subject.enwater stable aggregates
dc.subject.ensoil organic carbon
dc.subject.entotal nitrogen
dc.titleEnhancing Apple Orchard Productivity through Biochar and Fertilizer Amendments: A Soil Aggregation Study
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue2
oaire.citation.volume2