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Effects of Hermetia illucens larvae full-fat meal and astaxanthin on the microbiome and histomorphology of the large intestine in piglets

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dc.abstract.enThis study evaluated the effects of Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae full-fat meal and astaxanthin (AST) on large intestine histomorphometry, microbiota activity, and composition in pigs. Forty-eight pigs (8.7 kg) were divided into six groups: control (0HI), 2.5% HI (2.5HI), 5% HI (5HI), 2.5% HI + AST (2.5HI+AST), 5% HI + AST (5HI+AST), and AST alone (AST). The experiment lasted from 35 to 70 days of age. HI meal increased mucosal thickness (p<0.01), crypt depth (p<0.05), and width (p<0.05). Goblet cell counts increased in the 2.5HI (p<0.05), while enterocyte numbers decrease in the AST group (p<0.01). Dietary HI meal reduced concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), including butyrate (p<0.05), whereas AST increased acetic acid levels in multiple intestinal regions (p<0.05). Both additives modified microbial populations: AST increased total bacterial counts (p<0.001), while 2.5% HI meal reduced the abundance of the Bacteroides–Prevotella cluster (p<0.001). Significant interactions were detected for Lactobacillus/Enterococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae (p<0.001). HI meal decreased p-cresol concentrations in the middle colon (p<0.05), whereas AST reduced phenol in the distal colon (p<0.05) and indole in the middle colon (p<0.05). AST increased ammonia levels in the proximal colon (p=0.001). These findings suggest that HI meal and AST modulate intestinal fermentation, exhibit anti-inflammatory effects, and regulate microbial populations, potentially reducing harmful metabolites and odor emissions. Their dietary combination may have positive implications for intestinal health.
dc.affiliationWydział Medycyny Weterynaryjnej i Nauk o Zwierzętach
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Żywienia Zwierząt
dc.contributor.authorSzczepanik, K.
dc.contributor.authorKierończyk, Bartosz
dc.contributor.authorSzymkowiak, P.
dc.contributor.authorTaciak, M.
dc.contributor.authorBarszcz, M.
dc.contributor.authorTuśnio, A.
dc.contributor.authorGawin, K.
dc.contributor.authorDobrowolski, P.
dc.contributor.authorŚwiątkiewicz, M.
dc.date.access2026-04-13
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-13T12:46:12Z
dc.date.available2026-04-13T12:46:12Z
dc.date.copyright2026-03-17
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>This study evaluated the effects of Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae full-fat meal and astaxanthin (AST) on large intestine histomorphometry, microbiota activity, and composition in pigs. Forty-eight pigs (8.7 kg) were divided into six groups: control (0HI), 2.5% HI (2.5HI), 5% HI (5HI), 2.5% HI + AST (2.5HI+AST), 5% HI + AST (5HI+AST), and AST alone (AST). The experiment lasted from 35 to 70 days of age. HI meal increased mucosal thickness (p&amp;lt;0.01), crypt depth (p&amp;lt;0.05), and width (p&amp;lt;0.05). Goblet cell counts increased in the 2.5HI (p&amp;lt;0.05), while enterocyte numbers decrease in the AST group (p&amp;lt;0.01). Dietary HI meal reduced concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), including butyrate (p&amp;lt;0.05), whereas AST increased acetic acid levels in multiple intestinal regions (p&amp;lt;0.05). Both additives modified microbial populations: AST increased total bacterial counts (p&amp;lt;0.001), while 2.5% HI meal reduced the abundance of the Bacteroides–Prevotella cluster (p&amp;lt;0.001). Significant interactions were detected for Lactobacillus/Enterococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae (p&amp;lt;0.001). HI meal decreased p-cresol concentrations in the middle colon (p&amp;lt;0.05), whereas AST reduced phenol in the distal colon (p&amp;lt;0.05) and indole in the middle colon (p&amp;lt;0.05). AST increased ammonia levels in the proximal colon (p=0.001). These findings suggest that HI meal and AST modulate intestinal fermentation, exhibit anti-inflammatory effects, and regulate microbial populations, potentially reducing harmful metabolites and odor emissions. Their dietary combination may have positive implications for intestinal health.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0.00
dc.description.if1,0
dc.description.number1
dc.description.points100
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume29
dc.identifier.doi10.24425/pjvs.2026.158497
dc.identifier.eissn2300-2557
dc.identifier.issn1505-1773
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/8079
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://journals.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/158497/edition/138524
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationanimal science and fisheries
dc.relation.ispartofPolish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
dc.relation.pages17-29
dc.rightsCC-BY-NC-ND
dc.sciencecloudnosend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enastaxanthin
dc.subject.encolon fermentation
dc.subject.encolon histomorphometry
dc.subject.enHermetia illucens
dc.subject.enintestinal microbiota
dc.titleEffects of Hermetia illucens larvae full-fat meal and astaxanthin on the microbiome and histomorphology of the large intestine in piglets
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication