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Green space attributes and their impact on perceived stress in Poland

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dc.abstract.enInconsistent findings and limited research from various countries highlight the need for further investigation of the relationship between Satisfaction with Green Space Attributes (SGSA) and Perceived Stress (PS) levels, which is crucial for informing urban planning strategists to improve residents’ mental health using green areas. Presented study explored these relationships and differences in greenery usage and preferences in connection with self-perceived stress levels in the study area of post-socialist cities and other settlements units in Poland—the country belonging to the former block of Socialist Countries of People’s Democracy (specific type of urbanism and influence on mentality of residents). Data collected in 2022 via Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI) covered demographics, green space utilization, SGSA, and PS levels using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Statistical analyses, including Kruskal–Wallis rank ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U-test and multiple regression, revealed that lower PS levels were correlated with higher SGSA across various greenery elements. Individuals with low stress levels spent more time in green spaces for leisure activities, mainly walking. However, satisfaction with greenery decreased with increasing stress levels, especially regarding the decrease of cleanliness, aesthetics and greenery amount. Multiple regression identified significant predictors of stress levels, such as health, greenery aesthetics satisfaction, income, and green area accessibility for children. The study underscores the importance of well-designed, diversified green infrastructure to enhance residents’ mental well-being. Accessible, well-maintained green spaces creating a network within urban environments are crucial for stress reduction. It is a guideline for policymakers and urban planners to create continuous green infrastructure consisting of various size and character green areas/elements and this green network should be as dense as possible, occupying every possible place.
dc.affiliationWydział Rolnictwa, Ogrodnictwa i Biotechnologii
dc.affiliationWydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Inżynierii Mechanicznej
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Terenów Zieleni i Architektury Krajobrazu
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Budownictwa i Geoinżynierii
dc.contributor.authorStangierska-Mazurkiewicz, Dagmara
dc.contributor.authorFornal-Pieniak, Beata
dc.contributor.authorSzumigała, Paweł
dc.contributor.authorWidera, Katarzyna
dc.contributor.authorŻarska, Barbara
dc.contributor.authorSzumigała, Karolina
dc.date.access2025-05-20
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-23T09:47:24Z
dc.date.available2025-06-23T09:47:24Z
dc.date.copyright2025-04-22
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstract<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Inconsistent findings and limited research from various countries highlight the need for further investigation of the relationship between Satisfaction with Green Space Attributes (SGSA) and Perceived Stress (PS) levels, which is crucial for informing urban planning strategists to improve residents’ mental health using green areas. Presented study explored these relationships and differences in greenery usage and preferences in connection with self-perceived stress levels in the study area of post-socialist cities and other settlements units in Poland—the country belonging to the former block of Socialist Countries of People’s Democracy (specific type of urbanism and influence on mentality of residents). Data collected in 2022 via Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI) covered demographics, green space utilization, SGSA, and PS levels using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Statistical analyses, including Kruskal–Wallis rank ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U-test and multiple regression, revealed that lower PS levels were correlated with higher SGSA across various greenery elements. Individuals with low stress levels spent more time in green spaces for leisure activities, mainly walking. However, satisfaction with greenery decreased with increasing stress levels, especially regarding the decrease of cleanliness, aesthetics and greenery amount. Multiple regression identified significant predictors of stress levels, such as health, greenery aesthetics satisfaction, income, and green area accessibility for children. The study underscores the importance of well-designed, diversified green infrastructure to enhance residents’ mental well-being. Accessible, well-maintained green spaces creating a network within urban environments are crucial for stress reduction. It is a guideline for policymakers and urban planners to create continuous green infrastructure consisting of various size and character green areas/elements and this green network should be as dense as possible, occupying every possible place.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if3,9
dc.description.number1
dc.description.points140
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume15
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41598-025-98707-4
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/2874
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-98707-4
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofScientific Reports
dc.relation.pagesart. 13863
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudsend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enurban greenery
dc.subject.engreen space
dc.subject.enperceived stress
dc.subject.enperception and experience
dc.subject.enenvironmental perception
dc.titleGreen space attributes and their impact on perceived stress in Poland
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.volume15