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Variability of Structure, Volume, Carbon Sequestration, and Growth–Climate Responses of Fir, Yew, Spruce, Pine and Larch Under Global Climate Change

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dc.abstract.enGlobal climate change is reshaping Central European conifer forests, affecting growth and ecosystem dynamics. At the same time, tree species differ in their productivity and responses to climatic conditions. Across mid-elevation monocultures of European yew (Taxus baccata L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.), we quantified stand structure, volume, biomass carbon sequestration, and growth–climate responses (1971–2023). Silver fir reached the highest stand volume (711 m3 ha−1), with lower productivity in pine (−17.0%), larch (−22.9%), spruce (−26.0%), and yew (−70.6%). In contrast, larch maximised biomass carbon sequestration (267.7 t ha−1), whereas yew had the lowest value (87.7 t ha−1), but the greatest stand diversity (except high differentiation), while pine showed the lowest diversity. Radial growth was most constrained by warm Junes and dry Julys; an early-season multi-month drought compounded by heat further suppressed radial increments, and severe winter frosts added stress. Among the studied species, spruce was the most climate-sensitive, whereas fir and pine showed comparatively more resilience. From a practical forestry perspective, promoting structurally diverse stands with high production potential and prioritising climate-resilient tree species, especially fir, can help sustain production and stability at mid elevations under climate warming. Our results provide species-specific benchmarks for adaptive silviculture and identify the seasonal windows when growth is most vulnerable.
dc.affiliationWydział Leśny i Technologii Drewna
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Użytkowania Lasu
dc.contributor.authorBledý, Michal
dc.contributor.authorVacek, Stanislav
dc.contributor.authorVacek, Zdeněk
dc.contributor.authorČerný, Jakub
dc.contributor.authorCukor, Jan
dc.contributor.authorTomczak, Karol Kacper
dc.contributor.authorTrojan, Václav
dc.contributor.authorBudínský, Jan
dc.contributor.authorPlačková, Anna
dc.contributor.authorHájek, Vojtěch
dc.date.access2026-04-20
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-21T05:52:46Z
dc.date.available2026-04-21T05:52:46Z
dc.date.copyright2026-03-27
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>Global climate change is reshaping Central European conifer forests, affecting growth and ecosystem dynamics. At the same time, tree species differ in their productivity and responses to climatic conditions. Across mid-elevation monocultures of European yew (Taxus baccata L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.), we quantified stand structure, volume, biomass carbon sequestration, and growth–climate responses (1971–2023). Silver fir reached the highest stand volume (711 m3 ha−1), with lower productivity in pine (−17.0%), larch (−22.9%), spruce (−26.0%), and yew (−70.6%). In contrast, larch maximised biomass carbon sequestration (267.7 t ha−1), whereas yew had the lowest value (87.7 t ha−1), but the greatest stand diversity (except high differentiation), while pine showed the lowest diversity. Radial growth was most constrained by warm Junes and dry Julys; an early-season multi-month drought compounded by heat further suppressed radial increments, and severe winter frosts added stress. Among the studied species, spruce was the most climate-sensitive, whereas fir and pine showed comparatively more resilience. From a practical forestry perspective, promoting structurally diverse stands with high production potential and prioritising climate-resilient tree species, especially fir, can help sustain production and stability at mid elevations under climate warming. Our results provide species-specific benchmarks for adaptive silviculture and identify the seasonal windows when growth is most vulnerable.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if2,5
dc.description.number4
dc.description.points100
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume17
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/f17040422
dc.identifier.issn1999-4907
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/8120
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/17/4/422
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofForests
dc.relation.pagesart. 422
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudnosend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enclimate change
dc.subject.endendrochronology
dc.subject.encarbon sequestration
dc.subject.enstand structure
dc.subject.enCzech Republic
dc.titleVariability of Structure, Volume, Carbon Sequestration, and Growth–Climate Responses of Fir, Yew, Spruce, Pine and Larch Under Global Climate Change
dc.title.volumeSpecial Issue Forest Management: Silvicultural Practices and Management Strategies
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.volume17