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Animal Foetal Models of Obesity and Diabetes – From Laboratory to Clinical Settings

cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-8798-991X
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dc.abstract.enThe prenatal period, during which a fully formed newborn capable of surviving outside its mother’s body is built from a single cell, is critical for human development. It is also the time when the foetus is particularly vulnerable to environmental factors, which may modulate the course of its development. Both epidemiological and animal studies have shown that foetal programming of physiological systems may alter the growth and function of organs and lead to pathology in adulthood. Nutrition is a particularly important environmental factor for the pregnant mother as it affects the condition of offspring. Numerous studies have shown that an unbalanced maternal metabolic status (under- or overnutrition) may cause long-lasting physiological and behavioural alterations, resulting in metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Various diets are used in laboratory settings in order to induce maternal obesity and metabolic disorders, and to alter the offspring development. The most popular models are: high-fat, high-sugar, high-fat-high-sugar, and cafeteria diets. Maternal undernutrition models are also used, which results in metabolic problems in offspring. Similarly to animal data, human studies have shown the influence of mothers’ diets on the development of children. There is a strong link between the maternal diet and the birth weight, metabolic state, changes in the cardiovascular and central nervous system of the offspring. The mechanisms linking impaired foetal development and adult diseases remain under discussion. Epigenetic mechanisms are believed to play a major role in prenatal programming. Additionally, sexually dimorphic effects on offspring are observed. Therefore, further research on both sexes is necessary.
dc.affiliationWydział Medycyny Weterynaryjnej i Nauk o Zwierzętach
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Zoologii
dc.contributor.authorGrzęda, Emilia
dc.contributor.authorMatuszewska, Julia
dc.contributor.authorZiarniak, Kamil
dc.contributor.authorGertig-Kolasa, Anna
dc.contributor.authorKrzyśko- Pieczka, Izabela
dc.contributor.authorSkowrońska, Bogda
dc.contributor.authorSliwowska, Joanna H.
dc.date.access2026-03-03
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-03T10:56:48Z
dc.date.available2026-03-03T10:56:48Z
dc.date.copyright2022-02-07
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if5,2
dc.description.points100
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume13
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fendo.2022.785674
dc.identifier.eissn1664-2392
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/7588
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.785674/full
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Endocrinology
dc.relation.pagesart. 785674
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudnosend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enobesity
dc.subject.endiabetes
dc.subject.enbrain
dc.subject.ensex differences
dc.subject.enbehaviour
dc.subject.encardiovascular system
dc.subject.enprenatal programming
dc.subtypeReviewArticle
dc.titleAnimal Foetal Models of Obesity and Diabetes – From Laboratory to Clinical Settings
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication