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Multi-Country Study of Stable Isotopes and Mineral Elements in European Pork

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dc.abstract.enEuropean pork production pursues traceability and authenticity to ensure animal welfare, food safety, and support products with geographical indications. This study reports a European survey integrating stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N, δ34S, δ18O, δ2H) and multi-element profiling using IRMS and ICP-MS, on 612 samples collected across Denmark, Poland, Italy, and Spain, with diverse production systems, breeds, feeding, and slaughter ages. Geographical and climatic gradients influenced δ2H and δ18O, which ranged from −111‰ to −89‰ in samples from Denmark and Spain and from 13.3‰ to 16.0‰ in samples from Italy and Spain, respectively. In selected farms, δ13C ranged from −22.7‰ to −17.0‰ depending on diet composition based on C3 and C4 plants. The wide variability in pig management practices suggested that δ15N (2.50 ÷ 4.96‰) increased with slaughter age and was positively correlated with Fe (3.38 ÷ 8.39 mg/kg) and Zn (9.39 ÷ 23.6 mg/kg). Most mineral components were mainly driven by feed formulation and supplementation. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that samples were grouped based on their origin and husbandry system, confirming the key role of isotopic and elemental markers for the development of a database supporting the pork supply chains across Europe.
dc.affiliationWydział Medycyny Weterynaryjnej i Nauk o Zwierzętach
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Żywienia Zwierząt
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Hodowli Zwierząt i Oceny Surowców
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Żywienia Zwierząt
dc.contributor.authorPinna, Anna
dc.contributor.authorFragni, Rosaria
dc.contributor.authorVirgili, Roberta
dc.contributor.authorLoffi, Cecilia
dc.contributor.authorRevilla, Isabel
dc.contributor.authorVivar-Quintana, Ana M.
dc.contributor.authorSell-Kubiak, Ewa
dc.contributor.authorLudwiczak, Agnieszka
dc.contributor.authorZaworska-Zakrzewska, Anita
dc.contributor.authorHviid, Marchen Sonja
dc.contributor.authorReyes-Palomo, Carolina
dc.contributor.authorSanz-Fernández, Santos
dc.contributor.authorBertolini, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorGaravaldi, Anna
dc.contributor.authorFerrari, Paolo
dc.date.access2026-04-10
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-13T07:10:32Z
dc.date.available2026-04-13T07:10:32Z
dc.date.copyright2026-04-10
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>European pork production pursues traceability and authenticity to ensure animal welfare, food safety, and support products with geographical indications. This study reports a European survey integrating stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N, δ34S, δ18O, δ2H) and multi-element profiling using IRMS and ICP-MS, on 612 samples collected across Denmark, Poland, Italy, and Spain, with diverse production systems, breeds, feeding, and slaughter ages. Geographical and climatic gradients influenced δ2H and δ18O, which ranged from −111‰ to −89‰ in samples from Denmark and Spain and from 13.3‰ to 16.0‰ in samples from Italy and Spain, respectively. In selected farms, δ13C ranged from −22.7‰ to −17.0‰ depending on diet composition based on C3 and C4 plants. The wide variability in pig management practices suggested that δ15N (2.50 ÷ 4.96‰) increased with slaughter age and was positively correlated with Fe (3.38 ÷ 8.39 mg/kg) and Zn (9.39 ÷ 23.6 mg/kg). Most mineral components were mainly driven by feed formulation and supplementation. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that samples were grouped based on their origin and husbandry system, confirming the key role of isotopic and elemental markers for the development of a database supporting the pork supply chains across Europe.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0.00
dc.description.number8
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume15
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/foods15081317
dc.identifier.issn2304-8158
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/8062
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://doi.org/10.3390/foods15081317
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationanimal science and fisheries
dc.relation.ispartofFoods
dc.relation.pagesart. 1317
dc.relation.projectThis research was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under the Grant Agreement No 101000344. The mEATquality project is coordinated by Hans Spoolder.
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudnosend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enEuropean pork
dc.subject.enstable isotopes
dc.subject.enmineral elements
dc.subject.entraceability
dc.subject.engeographical origin
dc.subject.enauthenticity
dc.subtypeArticleEarlyAccess
dc.titleMulti-Country Study of Stable Isotopes and Mineral Elements in European Pork
dc.title.volumeSpecial Issue Stable Isotopes and Elemental Profiles as Guardians of Food and Beverage Integrity: Tracing Origins and Evaluating Quality
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue8
oaire.citation.volume15