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Response of Wheat and Sugar Beet to Different Mineral–Organic Fertilization in a Long-Term Experiment

cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0001-8142-9703
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0003-1945-5665
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cris.virtualsource.author-orcid15509ece-6631-4053-89e1-30b6617c93ef
cris.virtualsource.author-orciddf8585e8-8edd-4880-8452-af8a8daf0ec8
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dc.abstract.enThe effect of cyclic pig slurry (PS) application in long-term crop rotations with alfalfa is poorly recognized, particularly with regard to nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crops requiring relatively high nitrogen (N) inputs. A long-term field experiment was established in Prague-Ruzyně, Czechia, in 1955. The experiment evaluated the effects of eight fertilization combinations, involving PS application and various N, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) rates (N0P0K0; N1P1K1; N3P2K2; and N4P2K2). The effect of fertilization was evaluated in a 9-year crop rotation, in which PS was applied only three times under root crops. Long-term different mineral fertilization treatments and the application of PS significantly affected the yield of the tested crops: winter wheat and sugar beet. The highest wheat yield (8.34 t ha−1) was observed in the PS+N3P2K2 treatment, while the highest beet yield (86.1 t ha−1) was recorded in the PS+N4P2K2 treatment. The differences compared with the absolute control (N0P0K0) were 62.3% and 40.5%, respectively. However, statistically significant differences between treatments with different NPK rates were recorded only in plots without PS. With increasing NPK fertilizer rates, the uptake of macronutrients by plants also increased. The only exception was calcium in sugar beet in PS plots. The total N accumulation in plants was proportionally related to the total N input to the soil–plant system (Nin). For winter wheat, this trend was beneficial, as it resulted in higher protein yield, whereas in beet, the sugar yield did not increase significantly when Nin exceeded 250 kg N ha−1. The obtained results indicate that, in the soil conditions of this experiment, N rates should be primarily balanced with appropriate rates of phosphorus.
dc.affiliationWydział Rolnictwa, Ogrodnictwa i Biotechnologii
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Chemii Rolnej i Biogeochemii Środowiska
dc.contributor.authorBarłóg, Przemysław
dc.contributor.authorHlisnikovský, Lukáš
dc.contributor.authorŁukowiak, Remigiusz
dc.contributor.authorMenšík, Ladislav
dc.contributor.authorKunzová, Eva
dc.date.access2025-12-02
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-02T11:16:31Z
dc.date.available2025-12-02T11:16:31Z
dc.date.copyright2025-11-20
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>The effect of cyclic pig slurry (PS) application in long-term crop rotations with alfalfa is poorly recognized, particularly with regard to nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crops requiring relatively high nitrogen (N) inputs. A long-term field experiment was established in Prague-Ruzyně, Czechia, in 1955. The experiment evaluated the effects of eight fertilization combinations, involving PS application and various N, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) rates (N0P0K0; N1P1K1; N3P2K2; and N4P2K2). The effect of fertilization was evaluated in a 9-year crop rotation, in which PS was applied only three times under root crops. Long-term different mineral fertilization treatments and the application of PS significantly affected the yield of the tested crops: winter wheat and sugar beet. The highest wheat yield (8.34 t ha−1) was observed in the PS+N3P2K2 treatment, while the highest beet yield (86.1 t ha−1) was recorded in the PS+N4P2K2 treatment. The differences compared with the absolute control (N0P0K0) were 62.3% and 40.5%, respectively. However, statistically significant differences between treatments with different NPK rates were recorded only in plots without PS. With increasing NPK fertilizer rates, the uptake of macronutrients by plants also increased. The only exception was calcium in sugar beet in PS plots. The total N accumulation in plants was proportionally related to the total N input to the soil–plant system (Nin). For winter wheat, this trend was beneficial, as it resulted in higher protein yield, whereas in beet, the sugar yield did not increase significantly when Nin exceeded 250 kg N ha−1. The obtained results indicate that, in the soil conditions of this experiment, N rates should be primarily balanced with appropriate rates of phosphorus.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if3,4
dc.description.number11
dc.description.points70
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume15
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/life15111779
dc.identifier.issn2075-1729
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/6179
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/11/1779
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofLife (Basel).
dc.relation.pagesart. 1779
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudnosend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enbalanced fertilization
dc.subject.encrop rotation
dc.subject.enmacronutrient uptake
dc.subject.ennitrogen use efficiency
dc.subject.enphosphorus
dc.subject.enpotassium
dc.subject.ensoil mineral nitrogen
dc.titleResponse of Wheat and Sugar Beet to Different Mineral–Organic Fertilization in a Long-Term Experiment
dc.title.volumeSpecial Issue Cereal Production Systems: Climate-Fertilizer-Crop Yield Dynamics
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue11
oaire.citation.volume15