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Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Clustering of EU Forest Policies in the Context of the 2030 New Forest Strategy

cris.lastimport.scopus2025-10-23T06:57:59Z
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-4867-195X
cris.virtual.author-orcid0000-0002-3432-2855
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cris.virtualsource.author-orcid0241aa31-988f-4deb-9623-97f29e43d000
cris.virtualsource.author-orcidc1ac1ff1-e35d-4af4-857c-10be980ce98a
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dc.abstract.enIn the face of climate challenges and growing social inequalities, ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) has become a key framework for sustainable development. Within the EU, forestry—covering about one third of Europe—is increasingly addressed through ESG principles in the 2030 New EU Forest Strategy (NSF 2030). This study aims to systematize the diversity and similarities of EU Member States’ forest policies using ESG indicators aligned with NFS 2030 objectives. We do not assess policy outcomes but rather identify clusters of countries with similar forest-economy profiles to fill a research gap and support more coherent strategies. Using hierarchical clustering on selected ESG indicators, we find very high variability in EU forest policies. The results confirm that NFS 2030 can serve as an analytical tool to identify clusters of countries with similar ESG profiles and tailor policies to their contexts. The identification of eight clusters per ESG segment underscores the need for a differentiated, flexible approach to achieving common EU forest objectives. Despite similarities within clusters, diverse economic, environmental, and social conditions often require differentiated policies tailored to each country’s unique context.
dc.affiliationWydział Leśny i Technologii Drewna
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Mechanicznej Technologii Drewna
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Ekonomiki i Techniki Leśnej
dc.contributor.authorBrożek, Jarosław
dc.contributor.authorKożuch, Anna
dc.contributor.authorWieruszewski, Marek
dc.contributor.authorAnkudo-Jankowska, Anna
dc.contributor.authorAdamowicz, Krzysztof
dc.date.access2025-09-10
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-10T09:27:02Z
dc.date.available2025-09-10T09:27:02Z
dc.date.copyright2025-09-03
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>In the face of climate challenges and growing social inequalities, ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) has become a key framework for sustainable development. Within the EU, forestry—covering about one third of Europe—is increasingly addressed through ESG principles in the 2030 New EU Forest Strategy (NSF 2030). This study aims to systematize the diversity and similarities of EU Member States’ forest policies using ESG indicators aligned with NFS 2030 objectives. We do not assess policy outcomes but rather identify clusters of countries with similar forest-economy profiles to fill a research gap and support more coherent strategies. Using hierarchical clustering on selected ESG indicators, we find very high variability in EU forest policies. The results confirm that NFS 2030 can serve as an analytical tool to identify clusters of countries with similar ESG profiles and tailor policies to their contexts. The identification of eight clusters per ESG segment underscores the need for a differentiated, flexible approach to achieving common EU forest objectives. Despite similarities within clusters, diverse economic, environmental, and social conditions often require differentiated policies tailored to each country’s unique context.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_research
dc.description.financecost6480,71
dc.description.if3,3
dc.description.number17
dc.description.points100
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume17
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su17177925
dc.identifier.issn2071-1050
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/4708
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/17/7925
dc.languageen
dc.relation.ispartofSustainability
dc.relation.pagesart. 7925
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudsend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enenvironmental
dc.subject.ensocial
dc.subject.engovernance
dc.subject.enforest policy
dc.subject.enEU 2030 Forest Strategy
dc.subject.ensustainable forestry
dc.titleEnvironmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Clustering of EU Forest Policies in the Context of the 2030 New Forest Strategy
dc.title.volumeSpecial Issue Sustainability in Forest Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity Conservation
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue17
oaire.citation.volume17