Management of Chemical Synthesis Processes of Potassium Humate During Coal Beneficiation Waste Processing

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dc.abstract.enThe growing accumulation of coal beneficiation waste represents a significant environmental and technological challenge while simultaneously creating opportunities for the resource recovery within circular economy frameworks. This study presents the development and process-oriented evaluation of an environmentally safe technology for converting coal beneficiation waste into potassium humate, with the simultaneous recovery of molybdenum compounds via alkaline extraction. The proposed solution is designed to improve resource efficiency, reduce the volume of waste directed to landfilling, and generate a high value-added product for agricultural and technological applications. The process flow includes preliminary characterization and preparation of the waste, determination of moisture, ash, and organic matter content, and the separation of metal-bearing fractions. Alkaline extraction was carried out using potassium hydroxide under controlled temperature and reaction time conditions, followed by purification and concentration of the humate solution. The process management strategy focuses on optimizing key technological parameters, including alkali concentration, solid-to-liquid ratio, temperature, and reaction time, to maximize humate yield while preserving functional groups responsible for biological activity. Comprehensive physicochemical, thermal, and mineralogical analyses confirmed the stability of the aluminosilicate matrix and the suitability of the material for alkaline processing without adverse structural degradation. Biological tests using oat (Avena sativa) demonstrated that potassium humate derived from coal beneficiation waste exhibits higher growth-stimulating effectiveness than a conventional commercial humate. Economic analysis revealed a strong correlation between humic acid content and added value, confirming the feasibility of transforming coal beneficiation waste from an environmental burden into a valuable secondary resource
dc.affiliationWydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Inżynierii Mechanicznej
dc.affiliation.instituteKatedra Inżynierii Biosystemów
dc.contributor.authorDychkovskyi, Roman
dc.contributor.authorSala, Dariusz
dc.contributor.authorPyzalski, Michał
dc.contributor.authorMiroshnykov, Ivan
dc.contributor.authorSujak, Agnieszka
dc.contributor.authorDurczak, Karol
dc.contributor.authorKotsan, Igor
dc.contributor.authorPererva, Andrii
dc.date.access2026-02-27
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-27T11:15:54Z
dc.date.available2026-02-27T11:15:54Z
dc.date.copyright2026-02-25
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstract<jats:p>The growing accumulation of coal beneficiation waste represents a significant environmental and technological challenge while simultaneously creating opportunities for the resource recovery within circular economy frameworks. This study presents the development and process-oriented evaluation of an environmentally safe technology for converting coal beneficiation waste into potassium humate, with the simultaneous recovery of molybdenum compounds via alkaline extraction. The proposed solution is designed to improve resource efficiency, reduce the volume of waste directed to landfilling, and generate a high value-added product for agricultural and technological applications. The process flow includes preliminary characterization and preparation of the waste, determination of moisture, ash, and organic matter content, and the separation of metal-bearing fractions. Alkaline extraction was carried out using potassium hydroxide under controlled temperature and reaction time conditions, followed by purification and concentration of the humate solution. The process management strategy focuses on optimizing key technological parameters, including alkali concentration, solid-to-liquid ratio, temperature, and reaction time, to maximize humate yield while preserving functional groups responsible for biological activity. Comprehensive physicochemical, thermal, and mineralogical analyses confirmed the stability of the aluminosilicate matrix and the suitability of the material for alkaline processing without adverse structural degradation. Biological tests using oat (Avena sativa) demonstrated that potassium humate derived from coal beneficiation waste exhibits higher growth-stimulating effectiveness than a conventional commercial humate. Economic analysis revealed a strong correlation between humic acid content and added value, confirming the feasibility of transforming coal beneficiation waste from an environmental burden into a valuable secondary resource.</jats:p>
dc.description.accesstimeat_publication
dc.description.bibliographyil., bibliogr.
dc.description.financepublication_nocost
dc.description.financecost0,00
dc.description.if3,3
dc.description.number5
dc.description.points100
dc.description.versionfinal_published
dc.description.volume18
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su18052196
dc.identifier.issn2071-1050
dc.identifier.urihttps://sciencerep.up.poznan.pl/handle/item/7524
dc.identifier.weblinkhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/18/5/2196
dc.languageen
dc.pbn.affiliationmechanical engineering
dc.relation.ispartofSustainability
dc.relation.pagesart. 2196
dc.rightsCC-BY
dc.sciencecloudnosend
dc.share.typeOPEN_JOURNAL
dc.subject.enalkaline extraction
dc.subject.encoal beneficiation waste
dc.subject.enpotassium humate
dc.subject.enprocess management
dc.subject.enprocess optimization
dc.subject.enwaste processing
dc.subject.enmolybdenum recovery
dc.titleManagement of Chemical Synthesis Processes of Potassium Humate During Coal Beneficiation Waste Processing
dc.title.volumeSpecial Issue Waste Management Strategies for Clean Coal Technologies
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue5
oaire.citation.volume18